Penguins

Penguins. Written by Kira Fried.

企鹅。 基拉·弗里德 著

no ordinary bird. What type of bird cannot fly and has strong flippers instead of wings? What type of bird spends its whole life swimming or walking? It's no ordinary bird, that's for sure. It's a penguin. Penguins are amusing to watch. Their dark backs and white bellies make them look as if they are dressed up for a fancy party. On land, most are clumsy and walk with a strange wattle. But in water, they are swift and graceful. The movie, March of the Penguins, sparked great interest in emperor penguins. There are also 16 other types of penguins. Read on to learn more about these amazing birds.

不是普通的鸟儿。 哪种鸟儿不会飞，没有翅膀却长着结实的鳍状肢？ 哪种鸟儿一辈子要么游泳要么走路？ 那肯定不是普通的鸟儿，这毫无疑问。 它就是企鹅呀。 企鹅看起来可有意思了。 黑黑的背配白白的肚子，它们看起来就像盛装去参加盛大派对一样。 在陆地上，大多数企鹅都笨笨的，走路摇摇摆摆姿势怪怪的。 可到了水里，它们就变得敏捷又优雅。 电影《帝企鹅日记》勾起了大家对帝企鹅的浓厚兴趣。 除此之外，企鹅还有另外16个种类呢。 继续往下读，了解这些神奇鸟儿的更多故事吧。

where penguins live. All penguins live in the southern hemisphere. Many live in places with very cold weather. Four species of penguins live on the ice around Antarctica, the coldest place on earth. Another three species live on islands near Antarctica. But not all penguins live in cold, harsh places. The little blue penguin lives along the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, where forests, not ice fields, border the ocean. And the Galapagos penguin lives off the west coast of South America, near Ecuador, which lies on the equator.

企鹅住在哪里。 所有企鹅都生活在南半球。 很多企鹅居住在气候十分寒冷的地方。 有四种企鹅住在南极洲周边的冰面上，南极洲是地球上最冷的地方。 还有三种企鹅住在南极洲附近的岛屿上。 但不是所有企鹅都住在寒冷恶劣的地方哦。 小蓝企鹅住在澳大利亚和新西兰的海岸边，那里挨着大海的是森林，不是冰原。 加拉帕戈斯企鹅住在南美洲西海岸外，靠近赤道上的厄瓜多尔。

Imagine you are in a spaceship high above Antarctica. From that height, you can see the southern areas of Africa, Australia, and South America. The large Where Penguins Live map from that same view shows where most species of penguins live. The small maps show where Galapagos penguins live.

想象一下，你正待在南极洲上空的一艘宇宙飞船里。 从这个高度往下看，你能看到非洲、澳大利亚和南美洲的南部区域。 和这个视角相同的大幅《企鹅栖息地》地图，标注了大多数企鹅的居住位置。 小图标出了加拉帕戈斯企鹅的居住地。

Penguin Bodies Unlike most birds, penguins spend most of their lives in the ocean. Their streamlined bodies and webbed feet help them move through the water with ease. Some penguins can swim as fast as 40 kilometers per hour, 25 miles per hour, for short distances. Instead of wings with long feathers, penguins have powerful flippers similar to those of seals, dolphins, and sea turtles. Penguins use their flippers like boat oars to push water and move forward. They steer with their feet and tails.

企鹅的身体 和大多数鸟儿不同，企鹅一生大部分时间都待在海洋里。 流线型的身体和带蹼的脚掌，帮它们轻松在水中游动。 短距离游动时，有些企鹅的游速能达到每小时40公里，也就是25英里。 企鹅没有长着长羽毛的翅膀，反而长着有力的鳍状肢，和海豹、海豚、海龟的鳍很像。 企鹅把鳍状肢当成船桨拨水，推动自己前进。 它们用脚掌和尾巴把控方向。

Penguins have two layers of feathers, a stiff outer layer and a soft layer underneath. Their small, stiff outer feathers are packed closely together. Penguins rub their beaks on oil glands at the base of their tails and spread the oil on their outer feathers. Their oily coats keep out water and keep in heat. Underneath penguins' outer feathers is a layer of down, warm, fluffy feathers that

企鹅有两层羽毛，外层是刚硬的羽毛，内层是柔软的绒毛。 它们细小刚硬的外层羽毛紧紧地挤在一起。 企鹅会用喙蹭尾巴根部的油脂腺，再把油脂涂在外层羽毛上。 带油脂的羽毛层可以防水锁温。 在企鹅外层羽毛之下，是一层温暖蓬松的羽绒，它