Guy Fawkes Day

Guy Fawkes Day, written by Sharon Bowes. Focus question. Who was Guy Fawkes? Why is Guy Fawkes Day celebrated in the United Kingdom?

《盖伊·福克斯日》，莎伦·鲍斯著。 思考问题。 盖伊·福克斯是谁？ 为什么英国要庆祝盖伊·福克斯日？

What is bonfire night? Remember, remember the 5th of November, gunpowder treason and plot. We know no reason why gunpowder treason should ever be forgot. Traditional nursery rhyme. On November 5th, every year, people in the United Kingdom watch fireworks and attend bonfires. People cheer when a dummy called a guy on top of the fire, goes up in flames. This is Guy Fawkes Day, or Bonfire Night. It celebrates a day in 1605 when the King of England and his government survived a plot to kill them.

篝火之夜是什么？ 记住，记住十一月五日，火药叛国大阴谋。 这场叛国阴谋，我们永远不能忘。 这是一首传统童谣。 每年十一月五日，英国人都会看烟花、点篝火。 当名叫盖伊的假人在火堆上燃烧时，人们会欢呼呐喊。 这就是盖伊·福克斯日，也叫篝火之夜。 这个节日纪念1605年的这一天：英格兰国王和政府躲过了一场暗杀阴谋。

Who was Guy Fawkes? Guy Fawkes was born in 1570 in England. Queen Elizabeth I was the ruler then. At that time in Europe, many Catholic and Protestant countries were at war. The Catholic religion was illegal in England in those days. Catholics who were caught practicing their religion were punished. Guy's grandparents were Catholic, but his parents were Protestant. Guy's father died, and his mother remarried a Catholic. At school, he made friends with people who were Catholic. When he was a teenager, Guy became a Catholic. He became angry about how badly Catholics were treated in England. When Guy was old enough, he left England to join the Catholic Spanish Army. He was a soldier for 12 years. He learned how to use gunpowder to make explosives.

盖伊·福克斯是谁？ 盖伊·福克斯1570年出生在英格兰。 当时的统治者是伊丽莎白一世女王。 那个时候的欧洲，天主教和新教国家战乱不断。 在当时的英格兰，信仰天主教是违法的。 被发现信仰天主教的人会受到惩罚。 盖伊的祖父母是天主教徒，父母却是新教信徒。 盖伊的父亲去世后，母亲改嫁给了一名天主教徒。 上学时，他和天主教徒成为了朋友。 十几岁的时候，盖伊也成了天主教徒。 看到天主教徒在英格兰受不公对待，他十分愤怒。 盖伊成年后，离开英格兰加入了信奉天主教的西班牙军队。 他当了十二年的士兵。 他学会了用火药制作炸药。

The Gunpowder Plot In 1603, Queen Elizabeth I died and King James I took her place. He was a Protestant king who passed tough laws against the Catholic religion. Many English Catholics were still loyal to the King of England. However, Fox met other Englishmen in the Spanish army who were also angry about the King's of Catholics. In April 1604, Robert Catesby led a group of men in a plot to kill King James the first. The plotters asked Fox to join them. They needed him to make the explosives. Fox agreed.

火药阴谋：1603年，伊丽莎白一世去世，詹姆士 一世继承了王位。 他是新教国王，颁布了严苛法律打压天主教。 很多英格兰天主教徒仍然效忠英格兰国王。 但盖伊在西班牙军中遇到了其他英格兰人，他们也对国王对待天主教徒的做法十分愤怒。 1604年4月，罗伯特·凯斯比带领一群人密谋刺杀詹姆士一世。 密谋者邀请盖伊加入他们。 他们需要盖伊制作炸药。 盖伊同意了。

In May 1604, Fox met with Catesby and other plotters in London. They swore never to reveal their plan. Their plot was to blow up the parliament buildings. The king and all of his government would be there. The plotters would start a rebellion with Catholic supporters. They would kidnap King James's daughter, Princess Elizabeth, and make her queen. Elizabeth was only nine years old. They believed that Catholic rulers could control her decisions. Robert Catesby lived in a house just across the river from Parliament. The plotters bought 36 barrels of gunpowder and stored them in his house.

1604年5月，盖伊在伦敦和凯斯比以及其他密谋者碰面。 他们发誓绝不泄露计划。 他们的阴谋是炸毁议会大厦。 国王和所有政府官员届时都会到场。 密谋者会联合天主教支持者发动叛乱。 他们会绑架詹姆士国王的女儿伊丽莎白公主，拥立她为女王。 伊丽莎白当时只有九岁。 他们认为天主教掌权者可以掌控她的决定。 罗伯特·凯斯比住的房子就在议会大厦的河对岸。 密谋者买了三十六桶火药，藏在了他的房子里。

One of the group, Thomas Percy, got a job as a royal bodyguard. He moved into a house near Parliament. He was also able to rent a cellar beneath the buildings of Parliament. The group used a rowboat to take the gunpowder across the river from Robert Catesby's house at night. They hid it in the cellar beneath Parliament. Guy Fawkes pretended to be Thomas Percy's servant so he could easily enter the Parliament buildings. His job was to guard the gunpowder hidden in the basement. The opening of Parliament had been set for November 5th, 1605. The plotters were ready.

团伙成员之一托马斯·珀西找到了一份皇家侍卫的工作。 他搬进了议会大厦附近的房子里。 他还租下了议会大厦地下的一间地窖。 一伙人趁夜用划艇把火药从罗伯特·凯斯比家运过河。 他们把火药藏在了议会大厦的地下地窖里。 盖伊·福克斯假装成托马斯·珀西的仆人，方便进出议会大厦。 他的任务是看守藏在地窖里的火药。 议会开幕的时间定在了1605年11月5日。 密谋者已经万事俱备。