Sharks

Sharks. Written by Kira Fried. Illustrations by Cindy Hill.

《鲨鱼》 作者：基拉·弗里德 绘图：辛迪·希尔

Introduction. Sharks have lived in the world's oceans for more than 350 million years. They were even around before dinosaurs walked on earth. There are more than 350 kinds of sharks. They can be found from the equator to the poles and from shallow seashores to the deepest waters. Sharks are some of nature's most successful hunters.

介绍 鲨鱼已经在世界海洋里生活了超过3.5亿年 它们甚至比恐龙踏上陆地还要更早出现在地球上 目前世界上一共有超过350种鲨鱼 从赤道到极地，从浅海滩到深海区，都能找到鲨鱼的身影 鲨鱼是大自然里最成功的猎手之一

Sharks are fish, but unlike most other fish, sharks have no bones. Shark skeletons are made of cartilage, which is the same material that gives human ears their shape. Unlike most fish, sharks have rough skin. The closest relatives of sharks are skates and rays, which are flat, diamond -shaped fish.

鲨鱼属于鱼类，但和大多数其他鱼类不同，鲨鱼没有硬骨头 鲨鱼的骨架由软骨构成，我们人类耳朵就是靠软骨撑出形状的哦 和大多数鱼类不同，鲨鱼的皮肤摸起来很粗糙 鲨鱼的近亲是鳐和魟，它们都是扁平的菱形鱼类

Sharks have an excellent sense of smell and are able to see well in poor light. They are especially sensitive to the sounds and movements of injured animals. Sharks can even sense the tiny bits of electricity that are produced by all living things. Sharks can sense fish buried under the sand on the ocean floor.

鲨鱼的嗅觉非常灵敏，还能在昏暗环境里看清东西 它们对受伤动物的动静特别敏感 鲨鱼甚至能感知到所有生物发出的微弱电流 它们能察觉到埋在海底沙子里的鱼

Physical Description Sharks come in many sizes. Some dogfish sharks are only a few inches long. The whale shark is the largest fish in the world. Most sharks have powerful, streamlined bodies to help them catch their prey.

外形介绍 鲨鱼有各种各样的体型 有些角鲨只有几英寸长 鲸鲨是全世界最大的鱼类 大多数鲨鱼拥有强健流畅的身体，帮助它们捕捉猎物

Most large sharks have few natural enemies. Many sharks are protected by camouflage patterns that help them blend in with their surroundings. They are dark on the top and pale on the bottom. Some sharks, called swell sharks, protect themselves from attack by puffing up their bodies with air or water. This behavior makes them appear larger and helps to keep predators away.

大多数大型鲨鱼几乎没有天敌 很多鲨鱼有保护色伪装，能帮它们融入周围环境 它们的背部颜色深，腹部颜色浅 有一种叫膨胀鲨的鲨鱼，会吸入空气或水让身体膨胀，躲避攻击 这种行为让它们看起来更大，能吓退捕食者