Puffins

Puffins, written by Kira Freed. Focus question. How does the appearance of each species of puffin change during its breeding season? Why do these changes occur?

《海鹦》，作者：基拉·弗里德。 思考问题。 每种海鹦在繁殖季的外形会发生什么变化？ 为什么会发生这些变化呢？

sea clowns. If you've ever seen a puffin, you're not likely to forget it. Even if you haven't, you probably know what these charming birds look like. Their plump little bodies, black and white feathers, and huge, colorful beaks are funny and unusual. Their appearance is just one of reasons people enjoy watching and learning about them.

海洋小丑。 如果你见过海鹦，一定很难忘记它。 就算你没见过，你大概也知道这些可爱鸟儿的模样。 它们圆滚滚的小身子、黑白羽毛，还有大大的彩色喙，有趣又特别。 它们独特的外形，就是人们喜欢观察、了解它们的原因之一。

meet the puffins. Puffins are seabirds, birds that spend most of their lives on the open ocean. They are skillful swimmers that zoom through the water using their wings as flippers and their feet to steer. They can dive 100 feet, 30 meters or more and stay underwater for about half a minute. Puffins also fly well and can walk with ease over rocks and soil.

认识海鹦。 海鹦是海鸟，一生大部分时间都在开阔海洋上度过。 它们是游泳能手，把翅膀当鳍、脚掌当舵，在水里飞快穿行。 它们能下潜100英尺，也就是30米甚至更深，还能在水下停留约半分钟。 海鹦也很擅长飞行，还能在岩石和土地上轻松行走。

Puffins live in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans. From mid -spring through summer, they live in nesting groups on islands and coastal cliffs. During this time of year, the breeding season, they dress up to attract a mate. They have large, colorful beaks, areas of white feathers, and extra feathers for decoration. Also, their webbed feet become bright orange. The rest of the year, while at sea, they are mainly black, white, and gray. The four types of puffins each have features that help people tell them apart.

海鹦生活在北大西洋和北太平洋。 从仲春到夏季，它们成群在岛屿和海岸悬崖筑巢栖息。 每年的这段繁殖期，它们会换上盛装吸引配偶。 它们的喙变得更大、颜色更鲜艳，长出大片白羽，还有额外的装饰羽毛。 除此之外，它们的蹼足会变成鲜亮的橙色。 一年中剩下的时间，它们待在海上，体色主要是黑、白、灰三色。 四种海鹦各有特征，方便人们区分它们。

Atlantic puffins live on both sides of the North Atlantic Ocean. They are the smallest puffins and the least fancy when they are dressed up. Their beak has a bright orange tip and a blue -gray part trimmed in yellow. They have orange feet and a white face, chest, and belly. Adult male and female puffins of each type look alike, but the males may be a bit larger. Young puffins look like non -breeding adults.

大西洋海鹦生活在北大西洋两岸。 它们是体型最小的海鹦，繁殖季的装扮也最朴素。 它们的喙带有亮橙色喙尖，还有一块镶着黄边的蓝灰色区域。 它们长着橙色的脚，脸部、胸口和腹部都是白色。 每种海鹦的成年雌雄外形相似，不过雄性可能稍大一点。 幼年海鹦的外形和非繁殖期的成年海鹦差不多。

Horned puffins live in the North Pacific Ocean, mainly south of the Arctic Circle. During the breeding season, they look like Atlantic puffins with their white face, chest, and belly. However, they have a yellow instead of blue -gray area at the base of their And puffins look as though they're wearing makeup.

角海鹦生活在北太平洋，主要分布在北极圈以南。 繁殖季时，它们的脸部、胸口和腹部都是白色，看起来和大西洋海鹦很像。 不过它们喙基部的区域是黄色而非蓝灰色，看起来就像化了妆一样。