Magnetism

Magnetism. Written by Elizabeth Austin. Illustrated by John Kastner.

《磁力学》 伊丽莎白·奥斯汀 撰文 约翰·卡斯特纳 绘图

Introduction Look around your home and try to find a magnet. A magnet is a metal object that sticks to other metals. You might have some magnets among your toys. There are probably magnets on your refrigerator. But did you know that there may be hundreds of magnets in your home? You cannot see most of them, but they are inside your television, telephone, and stereo. They are inside electric motors that power your blender and hairdryer. Computers are full of magnets. And all the electricity that runs these things comes from magnetism.

导言 环顾你的家，试着找一块磁铁 磁铁是能吸住其他金属的金属物体 你的玩具里可能就有几块磁铁 你的冰箱上很可能也有磁铁 但你知道吗，你的家里可能有上百块磁铁 你大多看不到它们，它们藏在电视机、电话和音响里面 它们就在驱动搅拌机和吹风机的电动机里 电脑里到处都是磁铁 驱动这些电器的所有电能都来自磁力

Magnetism and Magnets Magnetism is an invisible force. A force is anything that pushes, pulls, or moves an object. Magnetism is a special force that only pulls on some metals, such as iron. A magnet will not push or pull plastic or tin. Magnetism flows in one direction through a magnet, no matter what shape the magnet is. It flows in one end and out the other. The ends of a magnet are called magnetic poles. Every magnet has a north and a south pole. The force flows out the north pole and back in the south pole.

磁力与磁铁 磁力是一种看不见的力 力是能推、拉或者移动物体的作用 磁力是一种特殊的力，它只吸引某些金属，比如铁 磁铁不会吸引或排斥塑料和锡 不管磁铁是什么形状，磁力都沿着同一方向穿过磁铁 它从磁铁的一端进入，另一端流出 磁铁的两端叫做磁极 每一块磁铁都有一个北极和一个南极 磁力从北极流出，再从南极流回去

You can use two magnets to feel magnetism flowing. The north pole of one magnet will stick to the south pole of the other. Now, try to push the two north poles together. It feels almost like trying to connect two hoses that are both spraying water. The magnetic force pushes the north poles apart, because the magnetic forces are flowing against each other. Two North Poles will always repel each other, so will two South Poles.

你可以用两块磁铁感受磁力的流动 一块磁铁的北极会吸住另一块的南极 现在，试试把两块磁铁的北极推到一起 这种感觉就像把两根都在喷水的软管接在一起 磁力会把两个北极推开，因为它们的磁力流向相反 两个北极永远相互排斥，两个南极也一样

The Earth's iron core is magnetic. The whole planet acts like a giant magnet. If you dangle a magnet by a string, one pole will point north and the other will point south. This is exactly how a compass works. This gave the north and south poles of a magnet their names.

地球的铁质地核带有磁性 整个星球就像一块巨大的磁铁 如果你用绳子把磁铁吊起来，一个磁极会指向北，另一个指向南 指南针就是这样工作的 磁铁的北极和南极就是这样得名的

Magnetic field. The magnetic force flows out the north pole of the magnet. Then, it loops around outside the magnet and flows back in the south pole. Magnetism flows through space in lines of force. The invisible shape formed by the lines of force around the magnet is called the magnetic field.

磁场 磁力从磁铁的北极流出 接着，它会在磁铁外绕一圈，再从南极流回去 磁力以力线的形式穿过空间 磁铁周围力线形成的无形形状就叫做磁场