History to Chew On

History to Chew On, written by Marilyn Gould.

值得品味的历史，作者：玛丽莲·古尔德

chew on this. Dogs can chew bones. Cows can chew cud. But what can people chew? People can chew gum. Have you ever wondered where gum comes from, how it's made, and who first started chewing it.

咱们来聊聊嚼口香糖的事儿 狗狗爱啃骨头 牛会嚼反刍的草料 那人类会嚼什么呢？ 人类会嚼口香糖呀 你有没有好奇过口香糖从哪来、怎么做成、谁第一个开始嚼它呢？

The First Chewers Some people think the first people to chew gum were Americans, but that isn't true. Many years before Europeans discovered North America, people from different countries chewed all sorts of gummy stuff that came from plants. People from Greece chewed mastiche, native peoples from South America chewed chickle. In India, Beetle was popular.

最早嚼口香糖的人：有人觉得最早嚼口香糖的是美国人，但这不是真的 早在欧洲人发现北美洲之前，不同国家的人就已经在嚼各种从植物中提取的黏性胶状物了 希腊人嚼乳香树脂，南美洲原住民嚼糖胶树胶 在印度，嚼槟榔十分受欢迎

Native peoples from North America liked a sticky goo made from the sap of spruce trees. Some Europeans who settled in North America found out about the goo, tried it, and liked it. You, however, may not have liked the spruce gum. It had very little taste. It wasn't until 1850 that John Curtis added flavor to spruce up the spruce sap. He named it Maine Pure Spruce Gum and sold it to other North American settlers.

北美洲原住民喜欢用云杉树汁液做成的黏胶 一些定居北美洲的欧洲人发现这种黏胶，试吃后也爱上了它 不过，你可能不会喜欢这种云杉口香糖 它几乎没什么味道 直到1850年，约翰·柯蒂斯才给云杉汁液添加了香料提味 他将它命名为缅因纯云杉口香糖，卖给其他北美洲定居者

Gum Machines By 1871, chewing gum became so popular that Thomas Adams, a New York gum inventor and salesperson, invented a gum -making machine. Shortly thereafter, more machines were invented. Some of the machines released gum in the shape of balls when a coin was put into a slot. Others released gum in little sticks. Some of the gumball machines had a glass globe that made the gumballs look bigger than they really were.

口香糖制糖机：到1871年，口香糖大受欢迎，纽约的口香糖发明者兼商人托马斯·亚当斯发明了制口香糖机器 在那之后不久，更多制糖机器被发明出来 投一枚硬币进投币口，有些机器就会吐出球状口香糖 另一些机器吐出的是条状口香糖 有些口香糖机有个玻璃球罩，会让里面的口香糖看起来比实际更大

What the inventors didn't expect was for the kids to learn how to stick their fingers into the machine to pluck a free gumball. It took Thomas Adams to figure out how to correct that mistake. He installed the first vending machines in New York subways in 1888.

发明者没想到，小朋友们会把手伸进机器偷拿免费的口香糖 后来托马斯·亚当斯想出了解决这个问题的办法 1888年，他在纽约地铁安装了第一批自动售糖机