3 Music in Our World

Unit 3 VOCABULARY 1 1 Listen and read. There are three main types of musical instruments. String instruments make music when you pluck the strings. Wind instruments make sounds when you blow air through them. Percussion instruments make different sounds when you hit them or shake them. Music has its own language. Each single sound is a note. Play two notes or more at one time to make a chord. Notes and chords played one after the other make a melody. The thump, thump, thump that makes you want to dance is the beat. Put all the beats together, slow and fast, repeat them over time, and you have rhythm. Do you want your band to play better? You have to practice! Play songs again and again until they sound really good. When your band sounds good, you can perform for an audience. Invite your friends to the concert! If you don’t play an instrument but you sing well, you could be the lead singer! a violin, a drum, a piano, a flute, a saxophone, a guitar 2 Listen and repeat. a note There are twelve basic musical notes. a chord I’m learning to play chords on the guitar. a melody I need to remember the melody. beat I like the beat of the drum. rhythm I like to dance to the rhythm of the music. a guitar I like to play the guitar. a saxophone Can you play the saxophone? a piano I’m taking piano lessons. a violin I’m learning to play the violin. a flute I like the sound of the flute. a drum I play the drums in a band. a band We went to see our favorite band. practice He practices many hours a day. perform Do you like to perform in public? a concert We’re going to a concert tonight. a lead singer The lead singer has a beautiful voice.

SONG 1 Listen, read, and sing. Music Is Fun Have you ever listened to hip-hop? Have you ever listened to drums? I listen to all kinds of music. It’s amazing fun. Listen to the saxophone. Listen to the beat. Listen to the melody. Feel it in your feet! The flute is playing. The piano is, too. I can hear the guitar. Can you? Have you ever listened to drums? I listen to all kinds of music. It’s amazing fun. Listen to the rhythm. Listen to that band! Sing the notes (la la la) and clap your hands. Have you ever played a note? Have you ever played a chord? Have you ever played a rhythm: 1, 2, 3, 4? Have you ever listened to drums? I listen to all kinds of music. It’s amazing fun.

GRAMMAR 1 Present perfect with ever and never Have you ever listened to hip-hop? Yes, I have. Have you ever danced to hip-hop? No, I haven’t. Have you ever been to a concert? No, I never have. Has Lisa ever heard an orchestra perform? No, she has never heard an orchestra perform.

VOCABULARY 2 1 Listen and repeat. hip-hop I like to sing hip-hop. classical I want to go to a classical concert. pop What’s your favorite pop band? jazz I like the sound of the saxophone in jazz songs. rock I went to a rock concert last weekend. GRAMMAR 2 Comparative adverbs He sings more loudly than I do. She plays the violin better than he does. I play the guitar as well as my brother. He practices piano less often than I do.

READING 1 Listen and read. It’s All Music People made music before they could write about it. One of the oldest instruments ever found is more than 42,000 years old. It’s a flute. Instruments like flutes are called wind instruments. The music comes from moving air, usually when a person blows into the instrument. Each wind instrument has a shape that makes its sound different. Some have holes for fingers to cover. Others have buttons to press. Holes and buttons let you change the way the air travels to change the notes. Another way to make music is with strings. When you pluck a string, it makes a note. String instruments have thick or thin strings and long or short strings to make different notes. The shape of the stringed instrument also helps to make the sound. If the shape is bigger, the music sounds lower. Musicians often use a bow to play string instruments. The bow is a piece of wood with hairs or a string stretched between its ends. Musicians slide it over the strings to make sounds. You can also make music by hitting or shaking something. Percussion instruments can be made from many things. That’s because most things make a sound when you hit them. The air inside the instrument makes the sound louder. A drum is a percussion instrument, but instruments with strings can be percussion instruments, too. When you hit strings, you can make music. A piano is a percussion instrument. When you press the piano keys, hammers inside the piano hit the strings to make music.