6 Wonders of the Sea

Unit 6 VOCABULARY 1 1 Listen and read. We use the oceans for fun, for transportation, and, more importantly, we use the oceans for food. We must stop pollution. We must protect the oceans or our resources will disappear. The oceans are full of wonderful sea life. Most of the creatures we know stay near the top layer of the water, called the sunlit zone. In this zone, sunlight goes down to about 200 m (656 ft.). The middle layer of the water is called the twilight zone. This is because there isn’t much light. This zone goes down to about 1,000 m (3,300 ft.). Many different types of fi sh live in this layer. Some of them look very strange. The mysterious bottom layer of water is almost completely black. The only light comes from the creatures who live here. It is called the midnight zone because sunlight doesn’t reach below 1,000 m (3,300 ft.). Some amazing animals live in this deepest part of the ocean. a whale, a squid, a dolphin, fish, a shark, a sea turtle, an octopus, sea sponges 2 Listen and repeat. pollution There is too much pollution. a resource We need to protect our resources. disappear Animals and plants can disappear. a creature An octopus is a sea creature. a layer Most fish live in the top layer of the water. a zone The top layer is the sunlit zone. sunlight Plants need sunlight. midnight The midnight zone is very dark. a whale The whale is the biggest sea creature. a squid Are all squid red? a dolphin Dolphins are very friendly. fish There are many fish in the sunlit zone. a shark I saw a shark at the aquarium. a sea turtle A sea turtle can swim fast. an octopus An octopus has eight arms. a sea sponge Sea sponges are colorful.

SONG 1 Listen, read, and sing. Protect the Seas Please, please protect the seas. Put good deeds into motion. Help save the oceans. We must protect the wonders of the seas, to make a better world for you and me. We must stop polluting the ocean blue. An octopus would like that, and so would you. Please, please protect the seas. Put good deeds into motion. Help save the oceans. We must protect the wonders of the seas, to make a better world for you and me. When we make a mess, we can’t dump it in the sea. Sharks don’t want that. Do we? There are layers in the ocean below. There are creatures there that we don’t know. They live deep underwater. They don’t breathe air, but our world is a part of theirs. Please, please protect the seas. Put good deeds into motion. Help save the oceans.

GRAMMAR 1 Have to, must, can’t, and don’t We have to keep the oceans clean. You can’t throw trash into the ocean. We must protect the oceans. Don’t leave food on the beach.

VOCABULARY 2 1 Listen and repeat. oil spill There was a bad oil spill near the beach, so we can’t swim there. garbage Don’t throw garbage on the beach! overfi shing We need to stop overfi shing. plastic Don’t throw plastic bags in the water. Fish and birds can get hurt. biodegradable Food is biodegradable. 2 Listen, talk, and stick. Work with a partner. 1. This happens when tankers have accidents in the ocean. 2. This happens when fishermen catch too many fish. 3. To keep the ocean clean, if you see this on the beach, pick it up! 4. You can make bottles with this material. It’s not biodegradable. 5. Cardboard is not really garbage. It disappears with time. GRAMMAR 2 Future with will and won’t What will happen in the future? Sea animals and plants will disappear. We won’t have as much food as we need. 2 Play a game. Cut out seven pictures and the bingo card in the back of the book. Listen and play. Discuss. Turtles live in the sunlit zone. Food is biodegradable. Don’t throw garbage in the ocean. We must protect the oceans. Whales are very big. They live in the sunlit zone. The octopus has eight arms. Sea sponges are very pretty! Look, this one is pink! There are many fish in the sunlit zone. Squid live in the twilight zone. Don’t throw plastic bottles in the ocean! Sharks live in the sunlit zone. What will happen to the oceans in the future? What will we do to protect the oceans?

READING 1 Listen and read. Colorful Corals A coral reef looks like a colorful underwater garden. But corals are not plants. Corals are made up of tiny animals called polyps. Polyps have soft, transparent bodies without bones. What’s for dinner? Polyps have a mouth, stomach, and tentacles to catch food. Some polyps live in warm, sunlit zones. In daylight, these polyps get food from tiny plants called algae. After dark, the polyps use their tentacles to catch food. Some corals can even catch fish! In contrast, polyps that live in cold, dark zones have to work harder. There are no algae, so they have to use their tentacles to catch tiny animals called plankton in the water. Underwater communities. Most corals live together in huge groups called colonies. Some build a protective skeleton around themselves. Old generations die and new ones grow on top, slowly building up coral reefs. Some are millions of years old. These beautiful reefs are home to more than 4,000 kinds of fish and thousands of other organisms. Save the reefs! Coral reefs provide food for communities. They are also a source of tourism and jobs for local people. Scientists use reef animals to develop new medicines. But coral reefs are in danger from pollution. Coral reefs are disappearing. Some experts predict that only 10 percent of the world’s corals will exist in the year 2050. We must protect our corals now.