Unit 09

Unit 9 Page 84 READING Exercise 4 Making difficult decisions 1 We face decisions, big and small, throughout life. It seems unfair that there are so many major ones early on in life: exams, relationships, work, where to live ... And young people are often facing these kinds of decisions for the first time, which makes it all the harder. 2 There are two good questions to ask yourself to help you focus: 'What is the worst that can happen?' and 'What is my Plan B if Plan A doesn't work out?' So, let's look at some difficult decisions that you might have to make. SCENARIO A 3 You don't want to go on that amazing new course or to a sports club on the other side of town because you'll get home late and that will get in the way of your social life. But later, will you think, 'If only I had gone on that course? Imagine you're advising a friend. It will help you to make a rational decision rather than an emotional decision. Learning something new or exercising will do you good and you may make new friends there, too. SCENARIO B 4 You have a more complex and less emotional decision to make. Imagine you're saving to buy a car when you are 18. Then, you see the most amazing new video game. You really want to buy it and you have enough money saved for it. However, if you buy the expensive video game, you will use your savings for the car. You wish you could afford both but you can't. You have to make a choice. Your heart says one thing and your head says another, which is tricky. How about making a list of pros and cons for both? Writing things down can be a great help. You could even colour code your notes to make sure that you're considering everything. SCENARIO C 5 Now imagine feeling like you've let everyone down, including yourself, because you failed your exams. If only you had studied harder! But what now? Should you look for a job or repeat your exams? More studying feels like a waste of time and you're afraid you'll fail again. But now, you might end up with a low-paid, boring job and be stuck in it forever. Think through some of the possible scenarios and then try to change the way you're thinking. For instance, you might end up in a job you weren't expecting to do, but there might be advantages, too. They might even offer training or days off so you can study. If you did go back to studying and really tried your hardest, you're more likely to succeed, having learned from your mistakes. SCENARIO D 6 You've been feeling low this year and things just don't seem to be working out the way you'd like them to. The worst thing is, you don't know how to move past it, because you can't stop thinking about it and you blame yourself for it. You keep saying, I wish I was like everyone else – they all seem to be having a great time. Try stepping back and looking at things in a simpler way. Focus on yourself and not on others. Take small decisions, one at a time. Eat breakfast, go for a walk, go to class, separate each action, don't overthink, just do. 7 In all scenarios, it's sensible to sleep on decisions. Think, and think again and then act. And remember, if you've made the wrong decision, there's always Plan B!

第九单元 第84页阅读 练习4 做出艰难的决定 1我们一生都要面对大大小小的决定。 人生早期有这么多重要的事情似乎不公平： 考试、人际关系、工作、居住地。.. 年轻人经常第一次面临这类决定， 这使得事情变得更加困难。 2有两个好问题可以问自己，以帮助你集中注意力： “可能发生的最糟糕的情况是什么？” 以及“如果计划A行不通，我的计划B是什么？” 那么，让我们来看看你可能不得不做出的一些艰难的决定。 情景A 3你肯定不想去那个令人惊叹的新球场，也不想去镇另一边的体育俱乐部 因为你回家晚了，这会妨碍你的社交生活。 但后来，你会想， “要是我上了那门课就好了？ 想象一下，你在给朋友提建议。 它将帮助你做出理性的决定，而不是情绪化的决定。 学习新东西或锻炼对你有好处，你也可以在那里交到新朋友。 情景B 4你有一个更复杂、更不情绪化的决定要做。 想象一下，你18岁时正在存钱买车。 然后，你会看到最令人惊叹的新视频游戏。 你真的很想买它，而且你已经存够了钱。 但是，如果你买了昂贵的电子游戏，你会用你的积蓄买车。 你希望你能负担得起，但你不能。 你必须做出选择。 你的心说一件事，你的头说另一件事。这很棘手。 列出两者的优缺点怎么样？ 把事情写下来会有很大的帮助。 你甚至可以对笔记进行颜色编码，以确保你考虑了一切。 情景C 5现在想象一下，你让每个人都失望了，包括你自己， 因为你考试不及格。 要是你学习更努力就好了！ 但现在呢？ 你应该找工作还是重考？ 更多的学习感觉像是浪费时间，你担心自己会再次失败。 但现在，你可能会得到一份低薪、无聊的工作，并永远陷入其中。 仔细考虑一些可能的情况，然后尝试改变你的思维方式。 例如，你最终可能会从事一份你意想不到的工作， 但也可能有优势。 他们甚至可能提供培训或休假，这样你就可以学习了。 如果你真的回去学习，真的尽了最大的努力， 从错误中吸取教训后，你更有可能成功。 情景D 6你今年一直情绪低落 事情似乎并没有按照你想要的方式发展。 最糟糕的是，你不知道如何克服它， 因为你无法停止思考，你为此责怪自己。 你一直说，我希望我和其他人一样——他们似乎都玩得很开心。 试着退一步，用更简单的方式看待事物。 专注于自己，而不是他人。 一次做一个小决定。 吃早餐，散散步， 去上课，把每个动作分开，不要想太多，只管去做。 7在所有情况下，睡在决定上都是明智的。 思考，再思考，然后行动。 记住，如果你做出了错误的决定，总有B计划！

Page 86 PRONUNCIATION Exercise 1 & 2 My parents tell me off all the time. They're always so angry with me! Why don't you ask them to explain why they're upset? You might be able to change things ... Why do you always have to have a solution to everything, Ethan? It's so annoying! Don't be angry, Ella. I'm only trying to help! You can be annoying, too, you know! Page 86 PRONUNCIATION Exercise 3 My parents tell me off all the time. They're always so angry with me! Why don't you ask them to explain why they're upset? You might be able to change things ... Why do you always have to have a solution to everything, Ethan? It's so annoying! Don't be angry, Ella. I'm only trying to help! You can be annoying, too, you know! Page 87 LISTENING Exercise 7 & 8 Hi, I'm Chris Williams and welcome to a special edition of Radio Helpline. Research shows that 28% of graduates have jobs which do not require a degree. And when you consider that, in the UK, university fees for the average student are nearly ￡30,000 for a three-year course, university is not as attractive an option as it used to be. I'm joined in the studio today by careers advisor Jo Harvey who is here to take some of your calls and help you with decisions about your future. Jo, welcome and thank you. Let's go straight to our first caller. Hello, Alex. What would you like to ask Jo? Hi. I'm finishing school next July and my family and teachers are all expecting me to go to university, but I'm not so sure it's such a good idea. It's so expensive and I'd like to get some life experience too. Hi, Alex. You'll be pleased to know, there are other options you could consider. Have you thought about an apprenticeship? No, I haven't. I just know I'm interested in engineering. There are some engineering apprenticeships available. You'll be paid during your time as an apprentice and if you successfully complete all six levels of the apprenticeship you will be awarded a BEng, a degree in engineering. I think it's an option you could look into. It is a great alternative to doing a traditional university degree and you won't have to worry about paying back any fees. Oh, wow! Thanks, Jo. I'll certainly look into apprenticeships. Let's move onto another caller. We have Gemma on the line. Hello Gemma. What's your question for Jo? Hello, Jo. I want to launch my own business and I just wondered if you had any advice. Well, Gemma, 50 percent of school leavers born between 1995 and 2010 want to launch their own business, so you're not alone. And it's always good work experience for the future. However, there is a lot of competition, so your business needs to be very special and unique. I have three pieces of advice for you. (1) Do a lot of research and know who your customers are. What do they like? What don't they like? Who do they admire and who do they follow? (2) Use social media for marketing. Post interesting blogs and attractive photos on Instagram. Have conversations with your followers and reply to their comments and messages. Build good relationships with them. And (3) make sure you are organised. Download an online planner or organiser to keep all your plans on track and organised. Thanks Jo, that's brilliant advice. You'll also find some good advice on my website. Have a look at that. Thank you, I will.

第86页公告 我父母总是骂我。 他们总是对我很生气！ 你为什么不让他们解释一下他们为什么不高兴？ 你或许可以改变一些事情。.. 伊森，为什么你总是要解决所有问题？ 太烦人了！ 别生气，埃拉。我只是想帮忙！ 你知道，你也可能很烦人！ 第86页公告 练习3 我父母总是骂我。 他们总是对我很生气！ 你为什么不让他们解释一下他们为什么不高兴？ 你或许可以改变一些事情。.. 伊森，为什么你总是要解决所有问题？ 太烦人了！ 别生气，埃拉。我只是想帮忙！ 你知道，你也可能很烦人！ 第87页正在收听 大家好，我是克里斯·威廉姆斯，欢迎收看电台求助热线特别版。 研究表明，28%的毕业生从事不需要学位的工作。 考虑到这一点，在英国， 普通学生的大学学费几乎￡30,000，为期三年的课程， 大学不像以前那么有吸引力了。 今天，职业顾问乔·哈维加入了我的工作室 谁来接你的电话，帮助你决定未来。 乔，欢迎你，谢谢你。 让我们直接去找我们的第一个来电者。 你好，亚历克斯。你想问乔什么？ 你好。我明年七月就要毕业了，我的家人和老师都期待我上大学， 但我不确定这是不是个好主意。 它太贵了，我也想获得一些生活经验。 嗨，亚历克斯。 你会很高兴知道，你还可以考虑其他选择。 你想过当学徒吗？ 不，我没有。我只是知道我对工程学感兴趣。 有一些工程学徒可供选择。 你当学徒期间会得到报酬 如果你成功完成了学徒的所有六个级别 你将获得工程学学士学位。 我认为这是一个你可以考虑的选择。 这是传统大学学位的一个很好的选择 而且你不用担心还任何费用。 哇！谢谢，乔。我一定会考虑学徒的。 让我们转向另一个来电者。 我们有Gemma在电话里。 你好，杰玛。你想问乔什么？ 你好，乔。我想创业，不知道你有什么建议。 嗯，杰玛， 1995年至2010年间出生的离校生中有50%希望创办自己的企业， 所以你并不孤单。 这对未来来说总是很好的工作经验。 然而，竞争非常激烈， 所以你的企业需要非常特别和独特。 我有三条建议给你。 （1） 做大量的研究，了解你的客户是谁。 他们喜欢什么？他们不喜欢什么？ 他们崇拜谁，追随谁？ （2） 利用社交媒体进行营销。 在Instagram上发布有趣的博客和吸引人的照片。 与您的关注者进行对话，并回复他们的评论和消息。 与他们建立良好的关系。 （3）确保你有条理。 下载在线计划器或组织者，让您的所有计划都按计划进行并组织起来。 谢谢乔，这是个绝妙的建议。 你也可以在我的网站上找到一些好的建议。 看看这个。 谢谢你，我会的。

Page 88 READING Exercise 1 What kind of a FRIEND are you? We all need friends, or do we? Maybe it depends on whether they're a good friend or a bad friend. What kind of friend are you? Take our quiz and find out ... 1 What would you do if someone was gossiping about your best friend? a I'd say nothing. b I'd speak out and say, 'I'd prefer it if you didn't talk about Jane like that.' C I'd join in and agree with them. 2 How often do your friends come to you for advice? a occasionally, for practical advice b all the time c never 3 If you saw a boy from your class sitting alone in the canteen what would you do? a I'd think, 'Poor guy, but he's so boring.' b I'd choose to go and sit with him. C I'd sooner ignore him and go and sit with my friends. 4 The most important thing about friendship is ... a Who needs friends when there's Netflix to watch? b always being there for each other and being able to share your feelings. C having people who like all your posts on social media! 5 Your friend Lucy says she's got the Saturday job you had also applied for. How do you react? a You say you don't understand why she got it. b You're very happy for her and say, 'It's about time something nice happened to you.' Then you congratulate her. c Nothing. You feel jealous and walk off angrily. 6 You are on holiday with a group of friends. One friend wants to go swimming, another wants to go for a walk and the third wants to play tennis. What would you say or do? a I'd rather say nothing and put my headphones on and wait for my friends to decide. b I'd try to make sure that everyone got to do what they wanted to do. C I'd say, 'I'd prefer to go swimming, so let's go swimming.'

第88页阅读 练习1 你是什么样的朋友？ 我们都需要朋友，是吗？ 也许这取决于他们是好朋友还是坏朋友。 你是什么样的朋友？ 参加我们的测验，找出答案。.. 1如果有人在八卦你最好的朋友，你会怎么做？ a我什么也不说。 b我会说出来， “我宁愿你不要那样谈论简。” C我会加入并同意他们的意见。 2你的朋友多久向你寻求一次建议？ 偶尔，寻求实用的建议 b一直 c从不 3如果你看到你班上的一个男孩独自坐在食堂里，你会怎么做？ a我会想，‘可怜的家伙，但他太无聊了。’ b我会选择去和他坐在一起。 C我宁愿不理他，去和朋友们坐在一起。 4、友谊最重要的是。.. 当有Netflix可供观看时，谁还需要朋友？ b总是在彼此身边，能够分享你的感受。 C有人喜欢你在社交媒体上的所有帖子！ 你的朋友露西说她找到了你也申请的周六工作。 你的反应如何？ a你说你不明白她为什么得到它。 b你为她高兴，说：， “是时候给你出点好事了。“那你恭喜她。 c没什么。你感到嫉妒，愤然离去。 6你和一群朋友在度假。 一个朋友想去游泳， 另一个想去散步，第三个想打网球。 你会说什么或做什么？ a我宁愿什么都不说，戴上耳机，等朋友们决定。 b我会试着确保每个人都能做他们想做的事。 C我会说，‘我更喜欢去游泳，所以我们去游泳吧。’

Page 90 Literature Exercise 3 The Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro Stevens has spent his life as a butler, working for Lord Darlington. He is now an elderly man. At the end of the book, he finds himself sitting alone on a bench, on a pier at the seaside. A stranger begins to talk to him, and Stevens starts to tell the man about his life and his feelings about Lord Darlington. 'You must have been very attached to this Lord whatever. And it's three years since he passed away, you say? I can see you were very attached to him, mate.' Lord Darlington wasn't a bad man. He wasn't a bad man at all. And at least he had the privilege of being able to say at the end of his life that he made his own mistakes. His lordship was a courageous man. He chose a certain path in life, it proved to be a misguided one, but there, he chose it, he can say that at least. As for myself, I can't even claim that. You see, I trusted. I trusted in his lordship's wisdom. All those years I served him, I trusted I was doing something worthwhile. I can't even say I made my own mistakes. Really – one has to ask oneself – what dignity is there in that?' 'Now, look, mate, I'm not sure I follow everything you're saying. But if you ask me, your attitude's all wrong, see? Don't keep looking back all the time, you're bound to get depressed. And all right, you can't do your job as well as you used to. But it's the same for all of us, see? We've all got to put our feet up at some point. Look at me. Been happy as a lark since the day I retired. All right, so neither of us are exactly in our first flush of youth, but you've got to keep looking forward.' And I believe it was then that he said: 'You've got to enjoy yourself. The evening's the best part of the day. You've done your day's work. Now you can put your feet up and enjoy it. That's how I look at it. Ask anybody, they'll all tell you. The evening's the best part of the day.' [...] It is now some twenty minutes since the man left, but I have remained here on this bench to await the event that has just taken place – namely, the switching on of the pier lights. As I say, the happiness with which the pleasure-seekers gathering on this pier greeted this small event would tend to vouch for the correctness of my companion's words; for a great many people, the evening is the most enjoyable part of the day, Perhaps, then, there is something to his advice that I should cease looking back so much, that I should adopt a more positive outlook and try to make the best of whatever remains of my day. After all, what can we ever gain in forever looking back and blaming ourselves if our lives have not turned out quite as we might have wished? [...] What is the point in worrying oneself too much about what one could or could not have done to control the course one's life took? Surely it is enough that the likes of you and me at least try to make our small contribution count for something true and worthy. And if some of us are prepared to sacrifice much in life in order to pursue such aspirations, surely that is in itself, whatever the outcome, cause for pride and contentment.

第90页文献 练习3 告别有情天 石黑一雄著 史蒂文斯一生都是管家，为达林顿勋爵工作。 他现在是个老人了。 在书的最后，他发现自己独自坐在海边码头的长椅上。 一个陌生人开始跟他说话， 史蒂文斯开始告诉这个人他的生活和他对达林顿勋爵的感受。 “不管怎样，你一定非常依恋这位主。 你说他去世已经三年了？ 我看得出来，你非常喜欢他，伙计 达林顿勋爵不是坏人。 他根本不是坏人。 至少他有幸说 在他生命的最后，他犯了自己的错误。 他的领主是个勇敢的人。 他选择了一条人生道路，事实证明这是一条误入歧途的道路，但在那里， 他选择了它，至少他可以这么说。 至于我自己，我甚至不能这么说。 你看，我相信。 我相信陛下的智慧。 在我为他服务的这些年里，我相信我在做一些有价值的事情。 我甚至不能说我犯了自己的错误。 真的——人们不得不问自己——这里面有什么尊严？” 现在，看，伙计， 我不确定我是否听懂了你说的每一句话。 但如果你问我，你的态度完全不对，明白吗？ 不要总是回头看，你一定会沮丧的。 好吧，你不能像以前那样做好你的工作了。 但对我们所有人来说都是一样的，明白吗？ 我们都必须在某个时候站起来。 看看我。自从我退休的那天起，我就高兴得像只百灵鸟。 好吧，所以我们俩都不是青春的第一缕， 但你必须继续向前看 我相信就在那时，他说： ”你必须享受自己。 晚上是一天中最美好的时光。 你已经完成了一天的工作。 现在你可以抬起脚来享受它了。 这就是我的看法。问任何人，他们都会告诉你。 晚上是一天中最美好的时光。' [...] 那人离开已经二十分钟了， 但我一直留在这里，等待刚刚发生的事件—— 即打开码头灯。 正如我所说的，聚集在这个码头上的寻欢作乐者们对这一小事件感到高兴 倾向于保证我同伴的话是正确的； 对很多人来说，晚上是一天中最愉快的部分， 那么，也许他的建议是，我应该停止那么多地回头看， 我应该采取更积极的态度 尽量充分利用我剩下的时间。 毕竟，我们永远回顾过去，能得到什么 如果我们的生活没有像我们希望的那样发展，我们会责怪自己吗？ [...] 过分担心自己能做什么有什么意义 或者无法控制自己的人生轨迹？ 当然，像你我这样的人就足够了 至少试着让我们的小贡献变得真实和有价值。 如果我们中的一些人准备在生活中牺牲很多来追求这样的愿望， 当然，无论结果如何，这本身都是值得骄傲和满足的。