Unit 11 Breaking News

Unit 11 Page 102 READING exercise 5 IT'S ALL FAKE NEWS With the increase of fake news, it can be hard at times to know whether the news we read is true or not. What started as people spreading funny stories over the internet has become something much more serious. At its very worst, fake news is used to make up stories that try to change people's opinions. It is also used to cover or 'hide' uncomfortable stories that some people might not want to answer questions about. These days, fake news can make a big difference to the world. It is, perhaps, the most serious problem facing the world's media. But fake news is nothing new. It has always been with us. In the past it wasn't such a big problem, though. People used it more for a bit of fun, as these famous examples show. In 1917 two young cousins, Elsie Wright and Frances Grifths, were having fun taking photos in the garden with Elsie's father's camera. When Mr Wright developed the photos, he saw that they showed the girls playing with fairies. The girls insisted the fairies were real. Elsie's father said he thought the girls were playing a joke on him, but EIsie's mother believed they were real. The photos were shown to the famous author of the Sherlock Holmes stories, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who also decided they were real. For years many people were fooled. The truth was only discovered in the 1980s when Elsie finally admitted that the fairies were just made out of paper. For many years people thought that Loch Ness, a large lake in Scotland was home to a giant creature. In 1934, a doctor, Colonel Robert Wilson, announced that he had proof that it existed. He said that while he had been driving past the lake, he had seen the monster in the water. Luckily, he had had his camera with him and had been able to take some photos. The photo fooled many people until 1984, when it was proved to be fake. On the day before Halloween, in 1938, many Americans were listening to the radio when suddenly the programme was interrupted. The announcer said that aliens had invaded the world. Lots of people started to panic. They left their homes and they were going to look for somewhere safe to hide. In fact, what they had heard was the beginning of a radio play of a famous novel by HG Wells, War of the Worlds, which is all about an alien invasion.

第十一单元 第102页 阅读练习5 都是假新闻 随着假新闻的增加， 有时很难知道我们读到的新闻是否真实。 最初人们在互联网上传播有趣的故事，现在已经变得更加严重。 在最糟糕的情况下，假新闻被用来编造故事，试图改变人们的观点。 它也被用来掩盖或“隐藏”一些人可能不想回答的令人不舒服的故事。 如今，假新闻可以给世界带来巨大的改变。 这也许是世界媒体面临的最严重的问题。 但假新闻并不是什么新鲜事。 它一直与我们同在。 然而，在过去，这并不是一个大问题。 正如这些著名的例子所示，人们更多地是为了好玩而使用它。 1917年，埃尔西·赖特和弗朗西斯·格里夫斯这两位年轻的堂兄弟姐妹， 我们在花园里用埃尔西父亲的相机拍照，玩得很开心。 当赖特先生冲洗这些照片时，他发现照片上的女孩们在和仙女玩。 女孩们坚持认为仙女是真实的。 埃尔西的父亲说，他以为女孩们在跟他开玩笑， 但艾茜的妈妈相信它们是真的。 这些照片被展示给了著名的福尔摩斯故事作者阿瑟·柯南·道尔爵士， 他们也认为它们是真实的。 多年来，许多人被愚弄了。 真相直到20世纪80年代才被发现 当埃尔西终于承认仙女只是用纸做的。 多年来，人们一直认为苏格兰的一个大湖尼斯湖是一种巨型生物的家园。 1934年，医生罗伯特·威尔逊上校宣布，他有证据证明它的存在。 他说，当他开车经过湖边时，他看到了水中的怪物。 幸运的是，他随身携带了相机，能够拍到一些照片。 这张照片欺骗了许多人，直到1984年才被证明是假的。 1938年万圣节前夕， 许多美国人正在听收音机，突然节目被打断了。 播音员说外星人入侵了世界。 很多人开始恐慌。 他们离开了家，打算找个安全的地方躲起来。 事实上，他们听到的是HG威尔斯一部著名小说的广播剧的开头， 《世界大战》讲述的是一场外星人入侵。

Page 105 LISTENING exercise 10 and 11 Some journalists report on politics, some report from football grounds. Some journalists report from the law courts, others report on wars from the other side of the world. Warren Faidley is a journalist with a difference. He's an extreme weather journalist. Don't confuse him with a weatherman, who studies the weather and predicts what's going to happen tomorrow. Warren is a weather journalist. He's there when the weather is the news. For more than 25 years, he's been following and filming tornadoes and blizzards, giant hailstorms and floods. Wherever there is bad weather, Warren Faidley is never far behind. An extreme weather journalist is always close to danger. Of course, Warren always tries to stay safe. He doesn't look for trouble, but trouble always seems to find him. In his career, he's had many last-minute escapes. The closest he ever came to death, however, was when he was a 12-year-old child. He was by the side of a river with a friend watching a flood. Suddenly, the side of the river collapsed, and he found himself in the fast-flowing muddy floodwaters. He thought he was going to die, but luckily he managed to grab onto a rock and pull himself out of the water. Warren's interest in extreme weather began when he was a small child. In his autobiography Storm Chaser, he describes several occasions when he came face-to-face with scary weather conditions. For example, there was one time when he and his father were chased by a huge storm while they were out sailing in a small boat. His father later told him he thought they were going to die. Warren was always interested in photography and at college he worked as a part-time photojournalist. He reported from many dangerous places and quickly learned how to use a film camera in difficult conditions. His lucky break came when one day he took an amazing photo of lightning striking a gas farm. The photo was published by Life magazine and suddenly everyone was interested in his work. Warren was now able to follow his dream and become a weather journalist. These days Warren is often seen on American TV news programmes reporting on incidents of extreme weather. He's also become an expert on how to survive in these situations and has written a book called The Ultimate Storm Survival Handbook based on his experiences. He's also started a charity called The Storm Angel Foundation which helps educate children about the dangers of extreme weather.

第105页 听力练习10和11 一些记者报道政治，一些记者在足球场报道。 一些记者在法庭上报道，另一些记者在世界另一端报道战争。 Warren Faidley是一位与众不同的记者。 他是一名极端天气记者。 不要把他和气象员混为一谈，气象员研究天气并预测明天会发生什么。 沃伦是一名气象记者。 当天气成为新闻时，他就在那里。 25年来，他一直在追踪和拍摄龙卷风、暴风雪、巨大的冰雹和洪水。 哪里有坏天气，沃伦·费德利就永远不会落后。 极端天气记者总是接近危险。 当然，沃伦总是试图保持安全。 他不找麻烦，但麻烦似乎总是找上门来。 在他的职业生涯中，他有很多最后一刻的逃脱。 然而，他最接近死亡的时候还是一个12岁的孩子。 他和一个朋友在河边看洪水。 突然，河岸坍塌了，他发现自己陷入了湍急的泥泞洪水中。 他以为自己要死了， 但幸运的是，他设法抓住一块石头，把自己从水里拉了出来。 沃伦从小就对极端天气感兴趣。 在他的自传《风暴追逐者》中，他描述了几次他遇到可怕天气的情况。 例如，有一次，他和他的父亲被一场大风暴追赶 当他们乘坐小船出海时。 他的父亲后来告诉他，他以为他们会死。 沃伦一直对摄影感兴趣，在大学时他是一名兼职摄影记者。 他在许多危险的地方进行了报道，并很快学会了如何在困难的条件下使用胶片相机。 有一天，他拍下了一张闪电击中天然气农场的惊人照片，这是他的幸运时刻。 这张照片被《生活》杂志刊登，突然间每个人都对他的作品感兴趣。 沃伦现在能够追随他的梦想，成为一名气象记者。 如今，沃伦经常出现在美国电视新闻节目中，报道极端天气事件。 他也成为了如何在这种情况下生存的专家 并根据他的经历写了一本名为《终极风暴生存手册》的书。 他还创办了一个名为“风暴天使基金会”的慈善机构，帮助儿童了解极端天气的危险。

Page 106 READING exercise 3 THE DANGER OF LIVE TV Live interviews can be a dangerous thing. Over the years, many live news reports have been interrupted by people who want to get their faces on TV. Sometimes the journalists stop their reports and tell the people to go away, but most of the time they just carry on professionally and pay no attention to what's happening behind them. As technology gets better, more and more TV interviews are done using communication software such as Skype. An interviewer in the TV studio can interview someone who is sitting at their computer in their own home. It's a lot safer, you might think. Problems are rare and the interviews often go well. But things don't always go quite as planned. Just ask Professor Robert E. Kelly, an American politics professor at a South Korean university. One day, Professor Kelly was being interviewed live on the BBC. He was speaking from his home in Busan, South Korea, where he had set up his computer in his home office. The interviewer, James Menendez, was asking him to explain recent political events in the region. Suddenly the door behind him opened and Dr Kelly's young daughter, Marion, came in and danced her way over to her father. The interviewer mentioned that they had been joined by one of the professor's children, and as Dr Kelly put his arm out to try and stop his daughter from coming any closer, they were joined by another of his children. This time it was his baby son, James, who entered the room in a baby walker and rolled across the floor behind the professor. Dr Kelly tried to keep calm and carry on talking. He wanted his children to leave the room, but he couldn't stop the interview. Seconds later, Dr Kelly's wife, Jung-a Kim, came running into the room to his rescue. She grabbed one child in each hand and dragged them out of the room while the professor continued to offer his apologies. Finally, his wife reappeared on her hands and knees – trying to avoid being seen by the webcamera – to close the door behind her. Very embarrassed, Dr Kelly apologised and the interview continued. Of course, this 40 seconds of live action was soon uploaded on to the internet and watched by millions all over the world, and immediately the professor, his wife and children became very famous. Indeed, the next time Professor Kelly was on the BBC, they wanted to interview Jung-a Kim, Marion and James, too. Page 107 PRONUNCIATION exercise 1 Could you put your bag down over there, please. Excuse me. Could you repeat that? Yes, could you put that bag down over there! I mean, could you repeat that politely? I'm terribly sorry. Could you put your bag down over there, please? Page 107 PRONUNCIATION exercise 3 Could you put your bag down over there, please. Excuse me. Could you repeat that? Yes, could you put that bag down over there! I mean, could you repeat that politely? I'm terribly sorry. Could you put your bag down over there, please?

第106页 阅读练习3 电视直播的危险 现场采访可能是一件危险的事情。 多年来，许多现场新闻报道都被那些想在电视上露面的人打断了。 有时记者会停止报道，告诉人们走开， 但大多数时候，他们只是继续专业工作，不注意身后发生的事情。 随着技术的进步，越来越多的电视采访是使用Skype等通信软件完成的。 电视演播室的采访者可以采访坐在家里电脑前的人。 你可能会想，这要安全得多。 问题很少出现，面试往往进展顺利。 但事情并不总是按计划进行。 问问韩国一所大学的美国政治学教授罗伯特·E·凯利教授就知道了。 一天，凯利教授正在接受英国广播公司的现场采访。 他在韩国釜山的家中发表了讲话， 他在家里的办公室里安装了电脑。 采访者詹姆斯·梅内德斯要求他解释该地区最近的政治事件。 突然，他身后的门开了，凯利医生的小女儿马里恩走了进来 然后跳着舞走向她父亲。 采访者提到，教授的一个孩子也加入了他们， 当凯利医生伸出手臂试图阻止女儿靠近时， 他的另一个孩子也加入了他们。 这次是他的小儿子， 詹姆斯乘坐婴儿学步车进入房间，在教授身后滚过地板。 凯利医生试图保持冷静，继续说话。 他想让孩子们离开房间，但他无法阻止采访。 几秒钟后，凯利的妻子金（Jung-a Kim）跑进房间救了他。 她双手各抓一个孩子，把他们拖出房间 教授继续道歉。 最后，他的妻子又出现在她的手和膝盖上—— 试图避免被网络摄像头看到——关上她身后的门。 非常尴尬，凯利博士道歉，采访继续进行。 当然，这40秒的真人秀很快就上传到了互联网上 全世界数百万人观看， 教授、他的妻子和孩子们立刻变得非常出名。 事实上，凯利教授下一次上BBC时， 他们也想采访金、马里昂和詹姆斯。 第107页 拨款练习1 请你把包放在那边好吗。 对不起，你能再说一遍吗？ 是的，你能把那个包放在那边吗！ 我的意思是，你能礼貌地重复一遍吗？ 我非常抱歉。请你把包放在那边好吗？ 第107页 拨款练习3 请你把包放在那边好吗。 对不起，你能再说一遍吗？ 是的，你能把那个包放在那边吗！ 我的意思是，你能礼貌地重复一遍吗？ 我非常抱歉。请你把包放在那边好吗？

Page 108 DEVELOPING SPEAKING exercise 1 Hey, Sandra. Check this out. It's a tweet from Sam Johnson, and it's about your brother, Mark. Really? Let me see. 'Our match against Charlton school yesterday finished 1-1. We didn't win because Mark Smith missed an easy goal. Don't even know why he's in the team.' What! That's unfair. And I know for a fact that Mark scored our only goal. I'm going to have a word with Sam. No, don't do that. It's not worth it. But it makes me so angry! Sam can't just post whatever he wants to post. Look, he's over there. I'm going to talk to him. Hey, Sam. What's up? Oh, I think I know. My tweet about your brother, I guess. Well, yes. Why did you write that? And why didn't you say that he actually scored a goal? I can write what I want. And anyway, I don't think your brother's a good player. But we're talking about being truthful. He scored the goal. I think that's probably more important than his miss. I'm just saying he isn't a good footballer. That's the truth. Get over it. And he walks away! Incredible. OK, I'm going to write a tweet now. Here we go. 'I'm really cross! Sam Johnson tweeted something completely untrue about my brother. I think it's because he's jealous.' No, Sandra. Don't say you're angry. Just tell people what he said. You're right. I'll change it. 'I asked Sam Johnson why he tweeted something untrue and unfair about my brother. He was like, "It just came into my head and I wrote it." Any thoughts, guys? Let me know!' That's it. Let's see what your friends think. Look – someone's already replied.

第108页 发展口语练习1 嘿，桑德拉。看看这个。这是Sam Johnson发来的推特，是关于你哥哥Mark的。 真的？我想一下。 “我们昨天与查尔顿学校的比赛以1比1结束。 我们没有赢，因为马克·史密斯错过了一个轻松的进球。 甚至不知道他为什么在队里。” 什么！这不公平。我知道马克打进了我们唯一的进球。 我要和萨姆谈谈。 不，不要那样做。这不值得。 但这让我很生气！山姆不能随便发布他想发布的东西。 看，他在那边。我要和他谈谈。 嘿，山姆，怎么了？ 哦，我想我知道了。 我猜是我关于你哥哥的推文。 嗯，是的。你为什么写那个？ 你为什么不说他真的进球了？ 我可以写我想写的东西。 不管怎样，我认为你哥哥不是个好球员。 但我们谈论的是诚实。他进球了。 我认为这可能比他的失误更重要。 我只是说他不是个好足球运动员。 这是事实。克服它。 然后他走开了！简直 不可思议。 好的，我现在要写一条推特。我们开始吧。 “我真的很生气！萨姆·约翰逊在推特上发布了一些关于我哥哥的完全不真实的信息。 我认为这是因为他嫉妒。” 不，桑德拉。别说你生气了。告诉人们他说了什么。 你说得对。我会改变它。 “我问Sam Johnson，为什么他在推特上发布了一些关于我哥哥的不真实和不公平的事情。 他说：“它突然出现在我的脑海里，我写了下来。” 有什么想法吗，伙计们？让我知道！” 就是这样。让我们看看你的朋友怎么想。 看，已经有人回复了。