Unit 10 Mind and Body

Unit 10 Page 92 READING exercise 6 8,000 BIRDS TO SEE BEFORE YOU DIE Phoebe Snetsinger had just returned from a trip to Alaska when her doctors told her that she had cancer. She had less than a year to live. Phoebe was 50. As soon as she heard the news, she decided to spend the rest of her life doing what she loved most – watching birds. Phoebe's interest in birdwatching started in Minneapolis. Then she moved to Missouri with her family. There she joined a group of people who were interested in birds, insects and plants around the Mississippi River. She became very worried about pollution and its impact on the environment. 'We have to protect nature,' she said. 'If we don't, future generations won't be able to enjoy watching these beautiful birds.' When Phoebe found out she had cancer, she immediately went off to some of the world's most amazing natural paradises. Her trips were extremely hard, but Phoebe surprised her doctors and her family as she carried on travelling. A year came and went, and she was still alive. She was doing something that she loved. This helped her remain healthy for another ten years. The cancer came back, but even then Phoebe Snetsinger decided not to stop. As she continued with her trips, the cancer went away again. By now she was becoming internationally famous in the birdwatching world. At the age of 61, when she had seen 7,530 species, she was named 'the world's leading bird-spotter' by the Guinness Book of Records. Four years later, during a trip to Mexico, she set a new record when she spotted species number 8,000: the very rare Rufous-necked Wood-Rail. Snetsinger had become a legend. Nobody had spotted so many different bird species before. In fact, at that time only 12 people around the world had seen more than 7,000 species of birds! Sadly, when Phoebe was 68, she died in a car accident on the island of Madagascar. She was there enjoying the hobby that had probably saved her life. She had been there for two weeks and had added another five to her list of over 8,400 species. Four years after she died, the American Birding Association published her memoirs, Birding on Borrowed Time. Many people have enjoyed reading this moving book. It isn't just a story about a bird-spotter's travels, but a touching human document of how her hobby helped her to live much longer than expected.

Page 95 LISTENING exercise 7 and 8 Hi Jackie. Fancy meeting you here! Where are you off to? Hey Lucas. The gym at the shopping centre. I'm going to work out for an hour or two. What? Running on the treadmill and stuff? That's right. I love it. Put the headphones on and get running. Then some weights. I feel much better afterwards, so I go to the gym every week. Come on, Lucas. Walk with me a bit. OK, sure. You know, I tried a gym a while ago – very expensive, to be honest, and I didn't really enjoy it. I just don't like exercise much. That's OK. There are so many things you can do to keep in shape. What we're doing now, for example. Walking? Absolutely. You should walk as much as you can and sometimes walk quite fast, it's really good exercise. It's good for your heart, your legs ... everything! OK, let's walk a little faster! Let's! But if I remember rightly, you like dancing, too. I love it! There you go – great for keeping fit. And it's so much fun. Right. It's a great combination – doing something you really, really love and working out at the same time. I guess so. I'd never thought of that. Oh, here we are at the shopping centre. I'll come in with you, OK? Sure. The gym's on the second floor. Hey, Lucas, no! Don't do that! What? Don't take the escalator; walk up the stairs. More exercise. And actually it's quicker! Come on – it's only two floors. Well actually, Jackie, I think I'm going to have a coffee and a piece of cake. On this floor! Well, then definitely use the stairs! But if you do order cake, eat it sitting down, don't eat and walk, that's one of the worst things people do. Why? Well, I read somewhere that if you eat and walk at the same time, the food doesn't do you so much good. And so, you feel hungry again before very long. Oh? And actually it's nicer to eat sitting down, isn't it? But hey, Jackie, before you go, give me one tip, one simple thing to do to keep in shape. OK. Every day, at least two or three times, do 'the invisible chair'. Huh? Start by using a wall – put your back against the wall and slide down a bit. Imagine you're sitting on a chair and the wall is the back of the chair. Hold the position for two minutes – if you can! And when you get better at it, do the invisible chair without a wall. What's so good about doing that? Well, it makes your legs stronger, and it helps your back muscles too. Well, I'll think about it! Have fun at the gym – bye!

Page 96 READING exercise 7 and 8 3D PRINTIING IT CAN CHANGE LIVES Prosthetics are artificial body parts. They're used by doctors to replace limbs [arms or legs] that are missing or have been damaged. For years, scientists had been making the prosthetics out of metal – steel at first, then lighter materials later. Recently, people have been using 3D printers to make prosthetics. Here are two stories of how lives were changed by 3D-printed prosthetics. A When Millie the greyhound was a puppy, she was in an accident and she lost her left front paw. Her first owner left her at a rescue centre, where Ed and Nora Dieppe found her and took her home. So that Millie could walk, her new owners put a prosthetic on her leg, but Millie soon wore it down and they had to replace it. Ed and Nora bought another prosthetic, but they soon had to replace that one, too. After a few years, they had spent over $10,000 on prosthetics. They wanted to help Millie, but they had to find a different way to do it. Ed works as an architect. He had been working for some time with 3D modelling, and he had an idea. He talked to a company that helped him design a paw that would fit Milie perfectly. They then printed the leg using a 3D printer. They had to make two or three before the leg fitted perfectly, but soon they had a leg for Millie to wear. Now Millie can run around like other dogs, and if her leg wears out, Ed and Nora can just print a new one for her. B Stephen Davies was born without the lower part of his left arm. When he was at school, he wore a prosthetic, which he hated, so for many years he didn't wear a prosthetic at all. One day, he looked at what prosthetic arms were available. He saw that they hadn't changed much from when he was a boy. You could buy better ones, but they were extremely expensive. That's OK for adults as they can use the same prosthetic arm for years. Children, though, need to change their prosthetic arm every few months because they grow so quickly. Stephen decided to do something. He had been creating lots of inventions in his garden shed. He had read that it was possible to print light, 3D prosthetics and he wondered if he could make them himself. He experimented with simple but very colourful arms and legs. He discovered that he could make good prosthetic limbs quite cheaply. Now he and his business partner produce 'cool' limbs. Their company is called Team UnLimbited, and they give prosthetics away to children who need them (they ask for money on the internet to help with the costs of making the limbs). One of the first kids to get a 'cool' limb was nine-year-old Isabella Jennings. She had been waiting all her life for something like this. A video of her using the prosthetic arm for the first time was put on YouTube. It was watched by more than 2 millin people. Page 97 PRONUNCIATION exercise 1 Welcome back to the show. We're in the kitchen today with our chef, Mitchell. Hello. In this demonstration I'm making a special Russian dish. Watch carefully everyone, as our chef Mitchell makes the dish you see in this picture. Patricia, please put the oven at the right temperature while I chop the cherries ... now we add the sugar – but you shouldn't use too much! And now it's ready to bake. And here's a finished one! It tastes delicious! Page 97 PRONUNCIATION exercise 3 Welcome back to the show. We're in the kitchen today with our chef, Mitchell. Hello. In this demonstration I'm making a special Russian dish. Watch carefully everyone, as our chef Mitchell makes the dish you see in this picture. Patricia, please put the oven at the right temperature while I chop the cherries ... now we add the sugar – but you shouldn't use too much! And now it's ready to bake. And here's a finished one! It tastes delicious!

Page 98 Culture exercise 2 KEEP INSHAPE WITHOUT GOING TO THE GYM! Most people would like to be in good shape, but maybe without having to buy membership to a gym or go out cycling in all kinds of weather. There are so many different options these days to keep fit, while doing something you enjoy. Here are three of our favourites. 1 PARKRUN Running is, of course, great exercise. Back in 2004, a group of 13 runners near London decided to meet up in their local park on Saturday mornings, every week, and run five kilometres. This has grown into an organisation known as ParkRun – and now there are ParkRun events in over twenty countries. In 2018, there were on average about 250,000 people running five kilometres in 1,500 events worldwide every Saturday. Anyone can register to run: you do it online, and then turn up. Everyone's position and time is recorded, but even though it's a race, a ParkRun event is more about promoting good health and a sense of community. ParkRun is about everyone running 5 km, every week, for free, and forever. 2 ZUMBA In the mid-1990s, a Colombian dancer called Beto Perez devised a workout programme that was a mixture of aerobics and dancing. He called it Zumba, and it has become an enormous worldwide success. It is said that more than 15 million people in over 180 countries do Zumba regularly. There are several different forms of Zumba. These can be very easy to do or very strenuous indeed! Because of this, almost anyone of any age can do Zumba. It's an excellent way to keep fit and lose weight. Zumba helps to make muscles stronger, to improve posture – and it's a great way to make new friends, too. And if you can't get to a class, there is, of course, an app that lets you take part in Zumba wherever you are. 3 CAPOEIRA Another activity that mixes dance and exercise is capoeira. It is an Afro-Brazilian martial art that has become increasingly popular around the world. Capoeira was developed in Brazil in the 16th century. African slaves who had been brought to Brazil used it as a way to practise a martial art in secret. Because it is always performed to music, slave owners thought it was a dance. To the steady rhythm of the music from a berimbau (a type of string instrument played with a bow), two people perform a series of kicks and flips, but without ever actually touching each other – at least, not intentionally! It is a demanding form of fitness activity that needs strength and balance and can be done by people of all ages.

Page 100 B1 Preliminary for Schools LISTENING Part 3 exercise 2 You will hear a man talking about summer jobs at the local newspaper. For each question, write one or two words or a number or a date or a time. If you're aged 16 or 17 and would like a summer job, then listen carefully. The Daily Post newspaper is looking for young people to work in their office during July and August. So, if you are interested in a career in journalism, then this is your chance to get some valuable hands-on experience at one of the oldest newspapers in the world. There are a total of six jobs. They need three trainee journalists, two trainee photographers and there's one job for a junior assistant. No experience is necessary, and full training will be given on the job. Successful applicants will be expected to work a 20-hour week. Working hours will be from 1 pm to 6 pm on Mondays and Fridays and from 8 am to 1 pm on Tuesdays and Thursdays. So, that means you don't have to work on Wednesdays. You might have to work at the weekend sometimes. But the good news is that you'll be paid extra for weekend work! The paper is offering £5 an hour. Each position is for four weeks starting on 28th of July. And if you really impress them, you might be offered a part-time contract to work weekends during term time. This is an excellent opportunity to learn more about one of the most competitive careers there is. If you're interested, application forms can be downloaded from The Daily Post website, or you can find a copy in the newspaper itself every day this week. For more information phone Robin on 0184 6780, and he will give you all the information you need. Go on – do it!