Unit 09 Working Week

Unit 9 Page 84 READING exercise 5 THE PERFECT JOB? What would you choose as the perfect job? Here are three that could be on your list! MOVIE MADNESS For all big film fans out there, this is THE dream job. Most people pay to watch films, but in this job, You are paid to watch TV series and films. Around 30 people are employed by Netlix to watch Netlix content. They are required to binge-watch the latest films and TV series on the platform and 'tag' them with a few words. So, how does that work and why is it done? Words to describe each film or TV series are entered into the system. This is done so that Netlix users can search for content more easily. For example, in the sci-fi category, the tags include future and planets. The release date of the film, the language, the director and actors in the film are also included. How do you become a Netlix tagger? Well, first you need to have worked in the film or TV industry for five years. You also need to specialise in a film category, for example, comedy, horror or teen movies. Then there is a very difficult interview for the job. All Netlix taggers must have an excellent knowledge of film and TV. ONLY DAREDEVILS NEED APPLY Are you scared of heights? Then this is not the job for you. But if you are very brave and love rock climbing, then cleaning the windows of really tall skyscrapers is the perfect job for you. There is some on-the-job training to clean the windows: the cleaners are taught to abseil down from the top of the buildings. That means they move down the outside of the windows held by a rope around their bodies. Imagine cleaning the windows of the famous London Gherkin! It's 180 metres tall and 40 storeys high. It was designed by a very famous English architect and it was built in the 2000s. Cleaners abseil down to the 35th floor. Below the 35th floor, the cleaners can work in a traditional cradle. It takes nine of them ten days to clean the whole building. Cleaners don't work on days when the winds are too strong. And guess what? The Gherkin is cleaned with soap and water. Where do the cleaners go for lunch? Well, lunch breaks aren't taken in a café. They are taken sitting at the top of the 40-storey building. Imagine that amazing view every day. PET PSYCHOLOGIST If you love animals, this could be the dream job for you. The pay is good, too. You can earn between ￡25,000 and ￡50,000 per year. The job is to study animal behaviour and help owners discover the causes of their pets' problems. To work as a pet psychologist, you need to have a degree in veterinary science or zoology. You also need experience of working with animals, for example at a vet's or at a zoo. So, how is the job done? First, they talk to the owner to find out about the problem with the pet. For example, it may run after cars or bark too loudly. Then the animal is observed by the psychologist, and afterwards, once the pet psychologist discovers the causes of the pet's problems, the owners are given advice about how to help their pets.

第九单元 第84页 阅读练习5 完美的工作？ 你会选择什么作为完美的工作？ 这里有三个可能在你的名单上！ 电影疯狂 对于所有大电影迷来说，这是他们梦寐以求的工作。 大多数人花钱看电影，但在这份工作中，你是花钱看电视剧和电影的。 Netlix雇佣了大约30人观看Netlix内容。 他们被要求狂看最新的电影和电视剧 在平台上，用几句话“标记”他们。 那么，这是如何工作的，为什么要这样做呢？ 描述每部电影或电视剧的单词都被输入到系统中。 这样做是为了让Netlix用户更容易搜索内容。 例如，在科幻类别中，标签包括未来和行星。 电影的上映日期、语言、导演和演员也包括在内。 如何成为一名Netlix标注者？ 首先，你需要在电影或电视行业工作五年。 你还需要专攻一个电影类别，例如喜剧、恐怖片或青少年电影。 然后，这份工作的面试非常困难。 所有Netlix标记者都必须对电影和电视有很好的了解。 只有勇敢的人才需要申请 你恐高吗？ 那么这不是你的工作。 但如果你很勇敢，喜欢攀岩， 那么，清洁高大摩天大楼的窗户对你来说是一份完美的工作。 有一些清洁窗户的在职培训： 清洁工们被教导从建筑物的顶部绳降下来。 这意味着它们会沿着窗户外面的绳子往下走。 想象一下，清洁著名的伦敦小黄瓜的窗户！ 它有180米高，40层楼高。 它是由一位非常著名的英国建筑师设计的，建于2000年代。 清洁工们下到35楼。 在35楼以下，清洁工可以在传统的摇篮里工作。 他们中的九个人花了十天时间打扫整栋楼。 大风天清洁工不工作。 你猜怎么着？小黄瓜用肥皂和水清洗。 清洁工去哪里吃午饭？ 嗯，午休时间不在咖啡馆。 他们坐在这座40层高的建筑的顶部。 想象一下，每天都有如此美妙的景色。 宠物心理学家 如果你热爱动物，这可能是你梦寐以求的工作。 薪水也不错。 您可以在以下两者之间赚钱￡25,000和￡50,000每年。 这项工作是研究动物行为，帮助主人发现宠物问题的原因。 要成为一名宠物心理学家，你需要拥有兽医学或动物学学位。 你还需要与动物打交道的经验，例如在兽医或动物园。 那么，这项工作是如何完成的？ 首先，他们与主人交谈，了解宠物的问题。 例如，它可能会追赶汽车或大声吠叫。 然后由心理学家观察动物， 之后一旦宠物心理学家发现宠物问题的原因， 主人会得到如何帮助宠物的建议。

Page 86 PRONUNCIATION exercise 1 If I could be anything, I'd choose to be a journalist. What about you, Jane? Journalism's a very dangerous job, Charlie. I'm going to be a chess player. You've changed your mind! You wanted to be a Geography teacher. Yes. I've just joined a chess club. My coach thinks I've got a good chance of becoming a champion. Page 86 PRONUNCIATION exercise 3 If I could be anything, I'd choose to be a journalist. What about you, Jane? Journalism's a very dangerous job, Charlie. I'm going to be a chess player. You've changed your mind! You wanted to be a Geography teacher. Yes. I've just joined a chess club. My coach thinks I've got a good chance of becoming a champion. Page 87 LISTENING exercise 9 and 10 And here we are looking at the world of work and jobs. Now, sometimes it's not easy to get a job, and it can be much, much harder to find a job if you have a disability – for example, if you need to use a wheelchair or if you are blind. But of course there are lots of disabled people who have very successful careers. We shouldn't forget that Britain once had a minister for education who is blind. Every day this week, we're talking to people with disabilities about their jobs, and today Mike Lawley meets Marina Stuart. Marina, when you were born, you already had problems with your eyes – is that right? Yes, that's right. I could only see partially, and when I was 18 I had an operation to get rid of the problems. Unfortunately, the operation went badly wrong, and I was left completely blind. So, what about your education? Well, I went to a special school for blind people, and then I went to college. But somehow, you know, the teachers at the college for blind people just didn't think we could get good, interesting jobs. You mean, the teachers didn't think you were going to be successful? That's terrible. I know! And so I didn't really know what to do. I got a job in a shop, but I hated it. I stayed because I felt that, well, because I was blind, I really didn't have much choice. But one day all that changed, right? Yes. I was in a café in London, and by accident I met someone who was in the theatre. We talked a bit, and I found out that he was the director of a group of disabled actors. He invited me to go to a workshop, and I went. I loved it, and soon I started doing real acting. Then what? Well, after working in the theatre, I got an offer to work in television for the first time. I worked in two or three television films, and I'm happy to say that one of them won an award. Acting isn't the only thing that you do, is it? No, I also love music, and I play the piano, and I give piano lessons at home to small children. It's wonderful, I love it almost as much as acting! So, it looks like that teacher was wrong. It is possible for a disabled person to be successful in the world of work. Is that right? Yes, it is. When I was young, you know, when I was a child and a teenager, no one thought I could do much. And it was hard to imagine what jobs I could do. But I fought hard and the most important thing is, I didn't let being blind get in my way. I have always wanted people to think of me as Marina Stuart, that's all. I'm Marina first, and then I'm a blind person.

第86页 拨款练习1 如果我能成为什么，我会选择成为一名记者。 你呢，简？ 查理，新闻工作很危险。 我要成为一名棋手。 你改变主意了！ 你想当一名地理老师。 对。我刚刚加入了一个象棋俱乐部。 我的教练认为我很有可能成为冠军。 第86页 拨款练习3 如果我能成为什么，我会选择成为一名记者。 你呢，简？ 查理，新闻工作很危险。 我要成为一名棋手。 你改变主意了！ 你想当一名地理老师。 对。我刚刚加入了一个象棋俱乐部。 我的教练认为我很有可能成为冠军。 第87页 听力练习9和10 在这里，我们来看看工作和就业的世界。 现在，有时候找工作并不容易， 如果你有残疾，找工作会困难得多—— 例如，如果你需要使用轮椅或失明。 当然，也有很多残疾人的事业非常成功。 我们不应该忘记，英国曾经有一位盲人教育部长。 本周的每一天，我们都在与残疾人谈论他们的工作， 今天迈克·劳利会见了玛丽娜·斯图尔特。 玛丽娜，当你出生的时候，你的眼睛已经有问题了——是吗？ 是的，没错。 我只能看到一部分，当我18岁的时候，我做了一个手术来解决这些问题。 不幸的是，手术出了大问题，我完全失明了。 那么，你的教育怎么样？ 嗯，我上了一所盲人特殊学校，然后上了大学。 但不知怎么的，你知道，盲人学院的老师 只是觉得我们找不到好的、有趣的工作。 你是说，老师们不认为你会成功？ 太可怕了。我知道！ 所以我真的不知道该怎么办。 我在一家商店找到了一份工作，但我讨厌它。 我留下来是因为我觉得，好吧，因为我是盲人，我真的没有太多选择。 但有一天，一切都变了，对吧？ 对。我在伦敦的一家咖啡馆里，偶然遇到了一个在剧院里的人。 我们聊了一会儿，我发现他是一群残疾演员的导演。 他邀请我去参加一个研讨会，我去了。 我喜欢它，很快我就开始做真正的表演了。 然后呢？ 嗯，在剧院工作后，我第一次收到了电视台的工作邀请。 我拍过两三部电视电影， 我很高兴地说，其中一位获奖了。 表演不是你唯一做的事，是吗？ 不，我也喜欢音乐，我弹钢琴， 我在家给小孩子上钢琴课。 太棒了，我喜欢它几乎和表演一样多！ 看来那个老师错了。 残疾人有可能在工作中取得成功。是吗？ 是的。 当我年轻的时候，你知道，当我还是个孩子和青少年的时候， 没有人认为我能做很多。 很难想象我能做什么工作。 但我努力奋斗，最重要的是，我没有让失明妨碍我。 我一直希望人们把我看作玛丽娜·斯图尔特，仅此而已。 我先是玛丽娜，然后我是个盲人。

Page 88 READING exercise 2 TECHNOLOGY in the workplace The world is being taken over by computers. They are doing jobs in seconds that once took us hours to do and they are helping us to do things we once only ever dreamed of doing. Advances in AI (artificial intelligence) and robotics mean that computers have become better at doing difficult tasks and can even teach themselves how to do them. As more and more jobs are being done by computers maybe it's time to start asking – are any of our jobs safe in the future? Here are four which might be in danger. JOURNALISTS Are you planning to work in journalism one day? If the answer is yes, you need to be aware that journalists who write articles based on numbers and data, such as business or sports journalists, may lose their jobs to robots in the future. Some short sports articles have already been written by a computer program. However, robots are not good at being creative. They need numbers and data that they can then describe and aren't able to write descriptive articles. So, while some types of journalism jobs may go, those who write more creative articles should be safe from computers taking over their jobs. TRAILER MAKERS The first AI film trailer, for a horror film, has been made by a computer. The supercomputer, IBM's Watson, learned how to make one by looking at 100 trailers from other horror films. These were analysed by the supercomputer and it learned how to produce a film trailer. It then watched 20th Century Fox's film, Morgan, to find the right moments to include in the trailer. Instead of taking 10 to 30 days to make the trailer, it only took 24 hours. CHEFS Can robots cook? The answer to this question is: not yet. Robots cannot prepare, cook or serve full meals, but an AI machine has been trained to create recipes. If you give it information about the ingredients and style of cooking you want, it will give you some ideas for different meals. This could be very useful. Especially when you only have a few things in the cupboard. However, it's not perfect yet. A journalist asked it for a 'Chinese-style' dish with Parmesan cheese and dark chocolate. It suggested a cheese and chocolate panini. Maybe it needs a bit more development before it can work as a chef! POLICE OFFICERS Have you seen the sci-fi film RoboCop? In one country, fiction may become reality as people may soon see these robot police officers on the streets. A robocop has been developed in the United Arab Emirates and there are robocops working for the police force in Dubai. These officers cannot solve crimes. However, people can report crimes to them. They have a touchscreen on their chests. People can pay their traffic fines to them, too. They have been designed to be friendly, so they will shake hands with people. Dubai wants 25% of their police officers to be robots by 2030. They also want to have a smart police station, which will not employ any humans.

第88页 阅读练习2 工作场所的技术 世界正在被计算机接管。 他们在几秒钟内完成了曾经需要我们几个小时才能完成的工作 他们正在帮助我们做我们曾经梦想过的事情。 人工智能和机器人技术的进展 这意味着计算机已经变得更擅长完成困难的任务，甚至可以自学如何完成这些任务。 随着越来越多的工作由计算机完成 也许是时候开始问了&我们未来的工作安全吗？ 这里有四个可能处于危险之中。 新闻记者 你打算有一天从事新闻工作吗？ 如果答案是肯定的，你需要意识到，那些根据数字和数据撰写文章的记者， 例如商业或体育记者，未来可能会被机器人取代。 一些简短的体育文章已经由计算机程序编写。 然而，机器人并不擅长创造。 他们需要能够描述的数字和数据，但无法撰写描述性文章。 因此，尽管某些类型的新闻工作可能会消失， 那些写更有创意文章的人应该远离电脑接管他们的工作。 拖车制造商 第一部人工智能电影预告片，一部恐怖电影，已经由电脑制作完成。 超级计算机，IBM的沃森， 通过观看其他恐怖电影的100个预告片，学会了如何制作一部。 这些被超级计算机分析，并学会了如何制作电影预告片。 然后，它观看了20世纪福克斯的电影《摩根》，以找到合适的时机将其纳入预告片。 制作拖车不需要10到30天，只需要24小时。 厨师 机器人会做饭吗？ 这个问题的答案是：还没有。 机器人不能准备、烹饪或提供全餐，但人工智能机器已经过训练，可以创建食谱。 如果你给它提供你想要的食材和烹饪风格的信息， 它会给你一些不同饭菜的想法。 这可能非常有用。 尤其是当你的橱柜里只有几样东西的时候。 然而，它还不完美。 一位记者问它要一道有帕尔马干酪和黑巧克力的“中式”菜。 它建议吃奶酪和巧克力帕尼尼。 也许它需要更多的发展才能成为厨师！ 警察 你看过科幻电影《机器人警察》吗？ 在一个国家，虚构可能成为现实 人们可能很快就会在街上看到这些机器人警察。 阿拉伯联合酋长国已经开发出一种机器人科普 迪拜警察局也有机器人。 这些警察无法破案。 然而，人们可以向他们举报犯罪。 他们胸前有一个触摸屏。 人们也可以向他们支付交通罚款。 它们的设计是友好的，所以它们会和人握手。 迪拜希望到2030年，25%的警察是机器人。 他们还希望有一个不会雇佣任何人的智能警察局。

Page 90 DEVELOPING SPEAKING exercise 1 Hello, Andy. Your father was telling me that you want to earn some extra pocket money. Hi, Mrs Ashton. That's right. I want to buy a new skateboard. Well, would you like to sort out my garage? It hasn't been tidied for years. I'll pay you ￡20 for two hours' work, as long as you do a good job. Yes, that sounds great! Thank you. I'll start right away! OK, you'll find everything you need in the shed. I'm going out for a while, so you'll be on your own. By the way, some of those boxes are a bit heavy! Don't worry, Mrs Ashton, I'll be careful. All right then. I'll see you soon. Have fun! Two hours later. Hello, Andy. My goodness! The garage looks fantastic now. You've done a great job. Thank you. I'm glad you like it. But I have to tell you something. I broke a vase. Oh no! Andy! Surely you haven't broken it! I loved that vase. It was worth a lot of money! I'm really sorry, Mrs Ashton. It was an accident. I didn't mean to break it. That's not the point, Andy. My vase is broken! But anyway – here's your ￡20, and here's another ￡2 for being honest. I don't understand! I broke your vase and you're going to pay me extra? You worked hard and you told me what happened. So, you've got your money and I've got a nice, tidy garage!

第90页 发展口语练习1 你好，安迪。你爸爸告诉我你想多挣点零花钱。 嗨，阿什顿夫人。这是正确的。我想买一块新滑板。 好吧，你想整理一下我的车库吗？它已经好几年没打扫了。 我会付钱给你的￡20 只要你做得好，两个小时的工作。 是的，听起来不错！ 非常感谢。我马上开始！ 好的，你会在棚屋里找到你需要的一切。 我要出去一段时间，所以你只能靠自己了。 顺便说一句，有些箱子有点重！ 别担心，阿什顿夫人，我会小心的。 好吧。我很快就会见到你。玩得开心 两小时后。 你好，安迪。我的天哪！车库现在看起来棒极了。 你做得很好。非常感谢。 我很高兴你喜欢它。 但我必须告诉你一件事。我打碎了一个花瓶。 哦，不！安迪！ 你肯定没有把它弄坏！我喜欢那个花瓶。 它值很多钱！ 我真的很抱歉，阿什顿夫人。 那是个意外。我不是故意打破它的。 这不是重点，安迪。我的花瓶坏了！ 但不管怎样，这是你的￡20,这是另一个￡2 因为诚实。 我不明白！ 我打碎了你的花瓶，你还要额外付钱给我吗？ 你努力工作，告诉我发生了什么事。 所以，你有你的钱，我有一个漂亮整洁的车库！