Unit 11 Future Bodies

Unit 11 Page 102 Reading Exercise 5 CHANGING BODIES A long time ago, people were very different from the way we are now. For example, if you find a really old house somewhere, you'll see that the doors are usually much lower than they are today. Why? Because hundreds of years ago, people were shorter. Over time, the human body changes to adapt to a new way of life. Can we expect the human body to change in the future? For sure. And the main reason is that we have more and more technology, and it is changing how we live. What kind of changes can we expect? Well, no one can be 100 percent sure, but here are some possibilities. 1 Let's start with the example above. Humans are now ten centimetres taller than 150 years ago. So, in the future, people will probably be even taller. Most of us now have much better food than people in the past - and so we grow more. 2 We'll get weaker in more than one way. The most important way is that our muscles will not be as strong as now because we won't do a lot of physical work. 3 We are already using our feet less, and our hands more (think about computers and tablets and so on.) So we can expect that our legs will get shorter and our feet smaller, and at the same time, our fingers will get longer. And our fingers and our eyes will both get better because they'll have to do more work together. 4 Now, what about the mouth? It'll get smaller, perhaps, because technological improvements will mean that we don't need to talk so much - and also because our teeth will get smaller (so mouths don't need to be so big to keep them in). 5 Here's a good one - it's very possible that people will have four toes, not five. The little toe really isn't needed anymore (people who lose them don't miss them), so it will probably disappear sometime in the future. 6 And last but not least - people won't have as much hair on their bodies as now, as we don't need it to keep ourselves warm anymore. Will all these things happen? And if so, when? These are questions that no one can answer for sure.

第十一单元 第102页阅读练习5 改变身体 很久以前，人们和我们现在的样子非常不同。 例如，如果你在某个地方找到一座非常古老的房子， 你会发现门通常比现在低得多。 为什么？因为几百年前，人们都比较矮。 随着时间的推移，人体会发生变化以适应新的生活方式。 我们能期待人体在未来发生变化吗？当然。 主要原因是我们拥有越来越多的技术，它正在改变我们的生活方式。 我们可以期待什么样的变化？ 好吧，没有人能百分之百确定，但这里有一些可能性。 1让我们从上面的例子开始。 人类现在比150年前高出10厘米。 所以，在未来，人们可能会更高。 我们大多数人现在的食物比过去的人好得多，所以我们种植了更多。 2我们会在多个方面变得更弱。 最重要的是，我们的肌肉不会像现在那么强壮 因为我们不会做很多体力劳动。 3我们已经少用脚了， 我们的手更多（想想电脑、平板电脑等等） 所以我们可以预期我们的腿会变短，脚会变小， 与此同时，我们的手指也会变长。 我们的手指和眼睛都会好起来的 因为他们必须一起做更多的工作。 4那嘴巴呢？ 它可能会变小，因为技术进步 这意味着我们不需要聊那么多- 也因为我们的牙齿会变小 （所以嘴巴不需要那么大才能把它们放进去）。 这是一个很好的例子——人们很可能有四个脚趾，而不是五个。 小脚趾真的不再需要了（失去它们的人不会想念它们）， 所以它可能会在未来的某个时候消失。 6最后但同样重要的是，人们身上的头发不会像现在那么多， 因为我们不再需要它来保暖了。 所有这些事情都会发生吗？如果是这样，什么时候？ 这些问题没有人能肯定地回答。

Page 104 Vocabulary Exercise 6 1 Are you OK? No, ouch. My knee! Aaargh! 2 I ate a lot of food last night. My stomach really isn't too good this morning. 3 Don't eat so quickly - you'll bite your tongue. Ouch! See? I told you! Page 105 Listening Exercise 8 & 9 Conversation 1 Are you all right, Lydia? No, I'm not, Dad. I'm not well at all. What's the matter with you? I've got a really bad stomach ache. Do you think it was something you ate? No, not just one thing. She ate loads. Don't be mean, Liam. Your sister doesn't feel great. He's right, Dad. I think I was too hungry. I didn't have any lunch at school today. I think you need to just go and lie down for a while. I'm sure you'll feel better soon. OK, Dad. I will. I'll just try and rest. And don't worry about the washing-up. I'm sure your brother will do that. What? Me??!! Conversation 2 Come in, Tim. Take a seat. Thank you, Doctor. So how can I help you today? It's my elbow. It's really painful. Look. Hmm, yes, it does look a bit bruised. So what happened? Well, it's a bit of a silly story really. I got home from school yesterday and I didn't have my key with me. I left it in my locker at school so I tried to open the door with my elbow. Oh, I see. And it didn't open? No, it didn't. Well, I don't think it's anything too serious. You need to put some ice on it, and take some painkillers if it hurts too much. So, it's not broken? No, it isn't. You're able to move it so I'm not too worried. But next time you forget your key, just wait for your parents to get home. OK, Doctor. I will. Conversation 3 Hello, John. What can I do for you? It's my neck. OK. And what's the problem with it? Does it hurt? Yes, it does. I can hardly move it. Oh dear. What happened? I'm not sure. I went to bed last night and when I woke up it was really hurting. Did you do any sport yesterday? No, I didn't. But I did sleep with the window open. My grandmother thinks the cold air made it hurt but I'm not so sure. No, I don't think there's any connection there. OK, well, let's have a look at it. Can you take your shirt off for me, please? Sure.

第104页词汇练习6 1你还好吗？ 不，哎哟。我的膝盖！啊哈！ 2我昨晚吃了很多食物。今天早上我的胃真的不太舒服。 3别吃得那么快，你会咬到舌头的。 哎哟 看到了吗？我告诉过你！ 对话1 你没事吧，莉迪亚？ 不，我没有，爸爸。我一点也不舒服。 你怎么了？ 我胃疼得很厉害。 你觉得是你吃的东西吗？ 不，不仅仅是一件事。她吃了很多。 别这么刻薄，利亚姆。你妹妹感觉不太好。 他说得对，爸爸。我想我太饿了。 我今天没有在学校吃午饭。 我想你需要去躺一会儿。 我相信你很快就会好起来的。 好的，爸爸。我会的。我会试着休息一下。 不用担心洗餐具。 我相信你哥哥会这么做的。 什么？我？？！！ 对话2 进来，蒂姆。请坐。 谢谢你，医生。 那么今天我能帮你什么吗？ 这是我的手肘。这真的很痛苦。你看。 嗯，是的，它看起来确实有点擦伤。那么，发生了什么事？ 嗯，这确实是一个有点愚蠢的故事。 我昨天放学回家，没有带钥匙。 我把它忘在学校的储物柜里了，所以我试着用胳膊肘开门。 哦，我知道了。它没有打开吗？ 不，没有。 嗯，我认为这没什么太严重的。 你需要在上面放些冰， 如果太疼，就吃点止痛药。 所以，它没有坏？ 不，它不是。你可以移动它，所以我不太担心。 但下次你忘了带钥匙，就等你父母回家吧。 好的，医生。我会的。 对话3 你好，约翰。我能为你做什么？ 这是我的脖子。 好的。它有什么问题吗？疼吗？ 是的，确实如此。我几乎无法移动它。 哦，天哪。怎么搞的？ 我不确定。我昨晚上床睡觉，醒来时真的很疼。 你昨天做运动了吗？ 不，我没有。但我确实是开着窗户睡觉的。 我祖母认为冷空气让我很疼，但我不太确定。 不，我认为这两者之间没有任何联系。 好吧，让我们看看。你能帮我把衬衫脱掉吗？ 当然。

Page 106 Reading Exercise 2 Old Wives' Tales Old Wives' Tales are those 'helpful' things that your grandparents say that are probably not true. They are things like, 'If you watch a lot of TV, you'll get square eyes', 'If you eat carrots, you'll see well in the dark', or 'If you eat cheese at night, you'll have bad dreams'. But are they nonsense or is there sometimes a little bit of truth in them? We decided to investigate more. Let's start with a famous one: 'An apple a day keeps the doctor away'. My grandma said this all the time. Well, of course everyone knows that fruit is an important part of a healthy diet. But can one apple really make a difference? A medical study from 2013 says 'yes'. It found that if people over 50 eat an apple a day, their chances of a heart attack are much smaller than people who don't. What about 'Gain a child, lose a tooth'? They say that when a woman has a child, a tooth will fall out. Researchers at the New York University College of Dentistry studied more than 2,600 women between the ages of 18 and 64 with one or more children and guess what? They found they had more problems with their teeth than women with no children, although they couldn't say exactly why. My great uncle was a big believer that 'fish is brain food'. He ate it all the time and he was a clever man, too. It looks like he might be right. Fish have a lot of omega-3 and omega-6 fats in their oil. Some scientists from Oxford studied 120 primary school children, and they discovered that the children who ate omega-3 and omega-6 made big improvements in their schoolwork. If you eat fish oil, it will help to prevent heart problems, too. It seems like eating fish is a good idea. Finally, what about those carrots? Can they really help your night vision? I've eaten them all my life, but I still walk into things when I get up in the night. Unfortunately, I can't find anything to prove if this is right or wrong. I'll keep looking and I'll let you know as soon as I find out. Page 107 Listening and writing Exercise 12 Hello? Oh hi, Mr Gardner. It's Jackie here, Jackie Martin, Andy's friend from school. Yes, Jackie. Hi. Listen. I'm afraid Andy's not here. He'll be back in about an hour, I think. Oh dear. I really need to talk to him. Do you want to leave a message? Yes please. Um. Well, the thing is, I've got a problem with my homework. The Science homework. OK. And I need to finish it tonight because we re going away tomorrow, for the weekend. Right. So, you want Andy to call you tonight? Yes please. As soon as he gets back. 'As soon as you get back!' OK. Has he got your number? I'm not sure. I've got a new mobile, so can I tell you? Sure. It's 07899 07899 213 223 213 223. OK, got that, Jackie. Leave it to me. I'll make sure he gets the message. Thanks, Mr Gardner. Thanks very much. Bye. Bye.

第106页阅读练习2 无稽之谈 《老妇人的故事》是你祖父母说的那些可能不是真的“有用”的东西。 比如，“如果你看很多电视，你会有一双方眼睛”， “如果你吃胡萝卜，你在黑暗中会看得很清楚”， 或者“如果你晚上吃奶酪，你会做噩梦”。 但它们是胡说八道，还是有时有点道理？ 我们决定进一步调查。 让我们从一句著名的话开始：“每天一个苹果，远离医生”。 我奶奶总是这么说。 当然，每个人都知道水果是健康饮食的重要组成部分。 但一个苹果真的能有所作为吗？ 2013年的一项医学研究说“是的”。 研究发现，如果50岁以上的人每天吃一个苹果， 他们患心脏病的几率比没有心脏病的人小得多。 “生孩子，掉一颗牙”怎么样？ 他们说，当一个女人有了孩子，一颗牙就会掉下来。 纽约大学牙科学院的研究人员 研究了2600多名年龄在18至64岁之间的女性 有一个或多个孩子，你猜怎么着？ 他们发现，与没有孩子的女性相比，她们的牙齿问题更多， 尽管他们无法确切说明原因。 我的叔祖父坚信“鱼是健脑食品”。 他一直都在吃，他也是个聪明人。 看起来他可能是对的。 鱼的油中含有大量的欧米茄-3和欧米茄-6脂肪。 牛津大学的一些科学家研究了120名小学生， 他们发现，那些吃东西的孩子 omega-3和omega-6在学业上有了很大的改善。 如果你吃鱼油，它也有助于预防心脏病。 吃鱼似乎是个好主意。 最后，那些胡萝卜呢？它们真的能帮助你的夜视吗？ 我一辈子都在吃它们，但我晚上起床时还是会碰到东西。 不幸的是，我找不到任何东西来证明这是对是错。 我会继续找，一发现就会通知你。 第107页听力和写作练习12 你好？ 哦，嗨，加德纳先生。我是杰基，杰基·马丁，安迪在学校的朋友。 是的，杰基。你好。听。恐怕安迪不在这里。 我想他大约一个小时后回来。 哦，天哪。我真的需要和他谈谈。 你想留言吗？ 好的，请。嗯，问题是，我的作业有问题。 科学作业。 好的 我今晚需要完成它，因为我们明天就要离开，去度周末。 正确的那么，你想让安迪今晚给你打电话吗？ 好的，请。他一回来。 “你一回来！好的。他有你的电话号码吗？ 我不确定。我有一部新手机，我能告诉你吗？ 当然。 是07899 07899 213 223 213 223.好的，明白了，杰基。 交给我吧。我会确保他收到信息的。 谢谢你，加德纳先生。非常感谢。再见。 再见。

Page 108 Developing Speaking Exercise 1 & 2 Jessica, hi. Oh no! What happened to you? Hi, Luke. Oh, it's so silly. Yesterday, I slipped and fell on the stairs at home. It was my own fault, of course. I mean, I was looking at my phone and not looking where I was going. And now look. A broken leg. Poor you! You're lucky it wasn't worse than that. I know, you're right. But I'm so disappointed. And angry, too. It's our cup final match on Saturday, and now I can't play. That's a shame. But hey, don't be so hard on yourself. Everyone makes mistakes now and again. I suppose so. But I'm really upset about it anyway. Listen. I've got an idea. Can you wait here for a minute or two? Sure. Whatever. But what are you going to do? Wait and see! two minutes later ... Right, done, all fixed. How about watching the FA Cup semi-final on Sunday? You know, the match in London. Wembley. What, on TV somewhere? No, the real thing. My dad won three tickets to go and see it. He says he can give me two. So how about it? Want to go with us? Seriously? Luke, that's brilliant! I can't wait! Thank you so much! No problem. Tell you what, though. What? When we go into the stadium, don't start looking at your phone, OK? I don't want you to fall again and break your other leg!

杰西卡，嗨。哦，不！你怎么了？ 嗨，卢克。哦，太傻了。 昨天，我在家的楼梯上滑倒了。 当然，这是我自己的错。 我的意思是，我看着我的手机，没有看我要去哪里。 现在看。一条腿断了。 可怜你！你很幸运，没有比这更糟。 我知道，你说得对。但我很失望。 也很生气。这是我们周六的杯赛决赛，现在我不能上场了。 真是遗憾。但是，嘿，别对自己那么苛刻。 每个人偶尔都会犯错。 我想是的。但不管怎样，我真的很沮丧。 听。我有个主意。你能在这里等一两分钟吗？ 当然。无论什么。但你打算怎么办？ 等等看！ 两分钟后。.. 好的，完成了，都修好了。星期天去看足总杯半决赛怎么样？ 你知道，伦敦的比赛。温布利。 什么，在某个地方的电视上？ 不，是真品。我爸爸赢了三张票去看。 他说他可以给我两个。 那怎么样？想和我们一起去吗？ 说真的？卢克，太棒了！我等不及了！非常感谢！ 没问题不过，告诉你吧。 什么？ 当我们进入体育场时，不要开始看你的手机，好吗？ 我不希望你再次跌倒，摔断你的另一条腿！

Unit 11 Pronunciation Exercise 1 Who's next? Oh, hello Harry. How can I help you? Well, Dr Harris - my head's very hot! Let me see ... does it hurt here? Yes, doctor! That feels horrible! It's your hat, Harry. It's too small! Pronunciation Exercise 3 Who's next? Oh, hello Harry. How can I help you? Well, Dr Harris - my head's very hot! Let me see ... does it hurt here? Yes, doctor! That feels horrible! It's your hat, Harry. It's too small!

第十一单元发音练习1 下一个是谁？哦，你好，哈利。我能帮你什么吗？ 哈里斯医生，我的头好烫！ 我想一下。这里疼吗？ 是的，医生！感觉太可怕了！ 这是你的帽子，哈利。太小了！ 发音练习3 下一个是谁？哦，你好，哈利。我能帮你什么吗？ 哈里斯医生，我的头好烫！ 我想一下。这里疼吗？ 是的，医生！感觉太可怕了！ 这是你的帽子，哈利。太小了！