Level 1 Reading 11B

Ch.22 Reading 11B

第22章 阅读11B

FIVE TIPS FOR USING LESS PLASTIC The world has a plastic problem—and it is increasing. Scientists are working to find a long-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable. But in the meantime, here are five things you can do to reduce plastic waste now. 1. Quit using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. People use a trillion plastic bags worldwide every year. Roughly 10 percent are used in the United States alone. That's almost one bag per American per day. In contrast, the average Dane uses four single-use bags per year. In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax on plastic bags. Today, other countries (such as Chile, Kenya, Indonesia, Germany, and New Zealand) either make customers pay for plastic bags, or have banned them completely. 2. Skip the straw. Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world's beaches. When you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one. In 2018, Seattle became the first major U.S. city to ban plastic straws, and many other cities are set to follow its example. 3. Don't use plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any type of beverage you like. Some cities, like Bundanoon in Australia and San Francisco in the U.S., have completely or partially banned bottled water. Globally, however, people still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute. 4. Avoid plastic packaging. Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don't buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging. In the United Kingdom, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. They also want to tax plastic take-out containers. 5. Recycle. We can't recycle all plastic items, but it is possible to recycle most bottles and milk or juice cartons. Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottles. How? Machines at most supermarkets take the bottles and give a refund of up to 2.5 kroner (32 cents) per bottle.

减少使用塑料的五个技巧 世界上有一个塑料问题，而且这个问题还在加剧。 科学家们正在努力通过使塑料更易生物降解来找到长期解决方案。 但与此同时，现在你可以做五件事来减少塑料垃圾。 1.停止使用塑料袋。 相反，带上你自己的可重复使用的购物袋去商店。 全世界每年使用一万亿个塑料袋。 仅在美国就使用了大约10%。 这几乎是每个美国人每天一袋。 相比之下，丹麦人平均每年使用四个一次性袋子。 1993年，丹麦成为第一个对塑料袋征税的国家。 如今，其他国家（如智利、肯尼亚、印度尼西亚、德国和新西兰） 要么让顾客为塑料袋付费，要么完全禁止使用。 2.跳过吸管。 今天，大约83亿根塑料吸管污染了世界各地的海滩。 当你点饮料时，对吸管说不，或者带上你自己的可重复使用的吸管。 2018年，西雅图成为美国第一个禁止使用塑料吸管的大城市，许多其他城市也将效仿。 3.不要使用塑料瓶。 买一个可重复使用的瓶子，装满你喜欢的任何类型的饮料。 一些城市，如澳大利亚的邦达农和美国的旧金山，已经完全或部分禁止瓶装水。 然而，在全球范围内，人们仍然每分钟购买近100万个塑料瓶。 4.避免塑料包装。 购买条形肥皂，而不是塑料容器中的液体肥皂。 不要购买塑料包装的水果或蔬菜。 在英国，领导人呼吁超市设立无塑料区。 他们还想对塑料外卖容器征税。 5.回收利用。 我们不能回收所有的塑料制品，但可以回收大多数瓶子和牛奶或果汁纸箱。 如今，挪威回收了97%的塑料瓶。 怎么用？ 大多数超市的机器都会拿走瓶子，每瓶最多可退还2.5克朗（32美分）。

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