9 Rosa's TimeKeeper Journal

Rosa's TIMEKEEPER JOURNAL The ancient Olympics began in the year 776 BCE and ran until 393 CE, when they were banned by a Roman Emperor. The modern Olympic games were reborn in Athens, Greece in 1896. Today, we host the games every four years. The Ancient Olympics The ancient Olympic Games took place in Olympia every four years in honor of the king of the Greek gods, Zeus. Around 50,000 people came from all over the Greek world to watch and take part. Only men were allowed to take part in the Olympics, and most of the competitiors were soldiers.

古代奥运会始于公元前776年，一直持续到公元393年，后来被一位罗马皇帝禁止举办。 现代奥林匹克运动会于1896年在希腊雅典重新诞生。 如今，我们每四年举办一次奥运会。 古代奥林匹克运动会每四年在奥林匹亚举行一次，以纪念希腊众神之王宙斯。 来自希腊世界各地的约5万人前来观看和参与。 只有男性才被允许参加奥运会，而且大多数选手都是士兵。

The prizes Today, Olympic champions win gold, silver, and bronze medals. Instead, at the ancient Olympics, winners were awarded a wreath of olive leaves, and were welcomed back to their homes as heroes. The Olympic Truce The ancient Greeks realized that the Olympics had potential for peace, so a sacred truce took place around the games that stated that nobody visting the Olympics was allowed to be harmed. These temporary truces were known as "Ekecheiria", which translates to "the holding of hands".

今天，奥运会冠军可以获得金牌、银牌和铜牌。 相反，在古代奥运会上，获胜者被授予橄榄叶花环，并被作为英雄欢迎回家。 古希腊人意识到奥运会有可能带来和平，因此在奥运会前后签订了一项神圣的休战协议，规定参观奥运会的人不得受到伤害。 这些临时休战被称为“Ekecheiria”，翻译过来就是“牵手”。

The ancient EVENTS The ancient Greeks competed in a number of challenging events at the ancient Olympics. Some variations of these events still continue at the modern Olympics today! Chariot race This was one of the most dangerous but thrilling events. It took place in a special arena called a Hippodrome, where chariots pulled by horses would race around a track 12 times. Stadion The stadion was a foot race, similar to the sprint at the Olympics today. In it, the competitors had to race one length of the stadium, which was around 160 ft (190 m). The length of the stadion was said to be the length that the god Heracles could run in a single breath!

在古代奥运会上，古希腊人参加了许多具有挑战性的比赛项目。 这些项目的一些变化至今仍在现代奥运会上继续进行！这是一项最危险但也最刺激的比赛。 比赛在一个叫做赛马场的特殊竞技场举行，在那里，马车会绕着赛道跑12圈。 这个运动场是一场竞走比赛，类似于今天奥运会上的短跑比赛。 在比赛中，参赛者必须跑一段体育场，大约160英尺（190米）。 据说这个体育场的长度是赫拉克勒斯神一口气能跑完的长度！

Hoplite race This was another footrace that was introduced in 520 BCE. Athletes had to run two lengths of the stadium while wearing the armour of the Greek Hoplite soldier. It was a test of stamina and speed. Pentathlon This five-part contest consisted of a footrace, long jump, discus throw, and javelin throw. It then ended with a wrestling match between the athletes who performed the best in the previous four events.

重装步兵赛跑这是公元前520年引入的另一项赛跑项目。 运动员们必须穿着希腊重步兵的盔甲在体育场跑两段距离。 这是对耐力和速度的考验。 五项比赛由五个项目组成，包括竞走、跳远、掷铁饼和投掷标枪。 然后以在前四个项目中表现最好的运动员之间的摔跤比赛结束。

Athens Vs. SPARTA Ancient Greece was made up of different city states. The states had different leaders, but shared the same language, believed in the same gods, and enjoyed many of the same activities. However, there were often some big disagreements... A ferocious feud One of the fiercest rivalries in Ancient Greece was between Sparta and Athens, the two most powerful city states, who were often in conflict or at odds. Sparta The Spartans were a nation of legendary warriors. Almost all men served in the nation's army, and they were raised to be soldiers from childhood.

雅典Vs.斯巴达古希腊由不同的城邦组成。 这些州虽然有不同的领导人，但都使用相同的语言，信仰相同的神灵，并享受许多相同的活动。 然而，经常会有一些大的分歧…… 古希腊最激烈的竞争之一发生在斯巴达和雅典之间，这两个最强大的城邦经常发生冲突或争执。 斯巴达人是一个传奇战士的民族。 几乎所有的男人都在这个国家的军队服役，他们从小就被培养成士兵。

Athens Athens was the largest and most influential Greek state. It was the birthplace of democracy, and home to great scientists and thinkers. The Athenians also had a powerful navy. Athens is now the capital city of modern Greece. The Peloponnesian War The Peloponnesian War began in 431 BCE. It was a battle for power between Athens and Sparta. Sparta eventually gained victory in 404 BCE.

雅典是希腊最大、最有影响力的城邦。 它是民主的发源地，也是伟大的科学家和思想家的故乡。 雅典人还拥有一支强大的海军。 雅典现在是现代希腊的首都。 伯罗奔尼撒战争伯罗奔尼撒战争开始于公元前431年。 这是雅典和斯巴达之间的权力之战。 斯巴达最终在公元前404年取得了胜利。