part 13

141 Which of these is a high building? What is the other? What is the opposite of narrow? Is this street narrow? Up is the opposite of down. In is the opposite of out. To is the opposite of from. Pleasure is the opposite of pain.

142 Beautiful things give us pleasure. When she sees herself in the glass, she sees that she is beautiful. That gives her pleasure. When I say that she is beautiful, that gives her pleasure. You are beautiful. There is a smile on her face now. Why is the smile there? It is there because she has a feeling of pleasure. Her pleasure is the cause of her smile. She is saying to herself, "I am beautiful." She is saying to herself that she is beautiful. A smile does not make a sound. A laugh makes a sound. A laugh is a smile with a sound.

143 This is a great painting by Leonardo. Its name is the Mona Lisa. The picture is beautiful. That is certain. Was the woman beautiful? Was Lisa herself beautiful? That is not certain. I have my idea of that. He has his idea. She had her idea. We may have different ideas of how beautiful that woman was. There is no measure of the beautiful.

144 She may or may not be beautiful. But it is certain that she has a smile on her lips. That is certain. It is not certain that she is beautiful. 2 + 2 = 4. Two and two are equal to four. That is certain. 2 + 2 = 5. Two and two are not equal to five. That is certain. It is certain that 2 + 2 = 4. a is equal to b, and b is equal to c, and c is equal to d. So a is equal to d. Things which are equal to the same things are equal to one another. Things which are like one another may be equal or they may not. These two are like one another but they are not equal.

145 A smile is like a laugh. But a laugh makes a sound. This girl is laughing. She is happy. She has a fall. She gives a cry. Now she is crying. She is not laughing now. She is crying. Why? Because she gave her knee a blow in her fall. This is her knee. She was on her feet. Then she was on her face. She had a fall. The fall was the cause of the blow to her knee. The blow was the cause of the pain in her knee. And the pain in her knee was the cause of her crying.

146 Pleasure and pain are feelings. We have feelings of pleasure and pain. Here are some pleasures. He is on the sand at the seaside, looking at and hearing the sound of the waves and warming himself in the sun. These are pleasures. Now he is taking a swim in the sea. He is swimming through the waves. He is a good swimmer. To a good swimmer, swimming is a pleasure. Now he is resting in the sun again after his swim. After the water the sun on his skin is a pleasure to him.