part 12

131 Now, put a stop to the motion of the seat. When you do that the seat is at rest. The man is not in motion. But he has a feeling that he is turning round and round. This is a picture of his feelings. He is not turning round. But he seems to himself to be turning round. And everything round him seems to be turning round. Why is this? It is because change in our motion is the cause of our feelings of motion. Through our sense of motion we get knowledge of changes in the rate and direction of our motion.

现在，请使座位停止运动。 当你这样做的时候，座位就静止了。 这个人没有运动。但他有一种感觉，他在不停地打转。 这是他的感受。 他没有转身。但他似乎在他自己看来正在转过身来。 他周围的一切似乎都在好转。 为什么会这样？这是因为我们运动的变化是我们运动感觉的原因。 通过我们的运动感觉，我们知道我们运动的速度和方向的变化。

132 What is he doing? He is hammering. This is his hammer. These are nails of different sizes. He is putting the cover on a box. He is nailing down the cover of the box. The cover is on the top of the box. The blows of the hammer make a noise. He is making a very loud noise. Mary has her hands over her ears. "What a noise!" She is saying, "What a noise you are making."

他在做什么？他在捶打。 这是他的锤子。这些钉子大小不一。 他正在给一个盒子盖上盖子。 他正在把盒子的盖子钉牢。 盖子在盒子的顶部。 锤子的击打发出声音。 他正在制造很大的噪音。 玛丽用手捂着耳朵。 “好大的噪音！”她在说：“你发出的声音太大了。”

133 Some noises are loud. These are guns. Guns make loud noises. Those guns make more noise than this gun. What is this? It is a whistle. It is a steam whistle. It is making a loud noise. This boy has a pocket whistle. He is making some noise with it but not much noise. This is music. This is a song. These are notes. This is a high note. This is a low note. This is a very high mountain. These are high mountains. This is a high building. It is a church. This is a low building.

有些噪音很响。这些是枪。 枪发出很大的声音。那些枪发出的声音比这把枪大。 这是什么？这是一个哨子。 这是一个汽笛。它发出很大的噪音。 这个男孩有一个袖珍口哨。 他正在用它制造一些噪音，但不是很大的噪音。 这就是音乐。这是一首歌。 这些是笔记。这是一个高音。 这是低音。这是一座很高的山。 这些是高山。这是一座高楼。 这是一座教堂。这是一栋低矮的建筑。

134 Noises and songs are sounds. What are sounds? They are the effects of waves in the air. These are waves in the sea. These are waves in a cord. One end of the cord is fixed to a tree and the boy has the other end. He is shaking it up and down. With every shake he sends a wave down the cord to the tree. As the wave goes down the cord this part, which was up, goes down. And this part, which was down, goes up.

噪音和歌曲都是声音。 什么是声音？它们是空气中波浪的作用。 这些是海中的波浪。 这些是绳子上的波浪。 绳子的一端固定在树上，男孩拿着另一端。 他正在上下摇动它。 每摇一摇，它就会顺着绳子向树上发出一个波。 当波浪沿着绳子向下移动时，这部分，向上，向下。 而这一部分，本来是向下的，现在上升了。

135 These are waves in the air. They come to our ears. They have effects in our ears and brains. Those effects are sounds. Here is a brain. The part of the brain which does the most work in hearing has the word HEARING on it. "The most"? Some things have water in them. This cup has some water in it. This bucket has more water in it. The sea has the most water in it. Some animals have brains: a horse has some brains; a monkey has more brains; and a person has the most brains of the three.

这些是空中的波浪。 它们传到我们的耳朵里。它们对我们的耳朵和大脑都有影响。 这些效果就是声音。这是一个大脑。 大脑中负责听力的部分有“听力”这个词。 “最”?有些东西里面有水。 这个杯子里有些水。 这个桶里的水更多。 大海里的水最多。 有些动物有大脑：马有大脑；猴子有更多的大脑；而人是三者中最聪明的。

136 I have two dollars. You have twenty dollars. He has a thousand dollars. He has more money than we have. You have more than I have. He has the most money. I have less money than he has. I have less than you have. I have the least money. This is the highest note. This is a lower note, but it is higher than this note. Which is the lowest note of the three? Farming is an important sort of work. Is it more important than banking?

我有两美元。你有20美元。 他有一千美元。 他的钱比我们的多。 你拥有的比我多。 他最有钱。我的钱比他的少。 我的钱比你少。 我的钱最少。这是最高的音符。 这是一个较低的音符，但它比这个音符高。 哪个是三个音中最低的？ 农业是一种重要的工作。 它比银行业更重要吗？