14 Race To The Moon

Race To The Moon written by John Lockyer

约翰·洛克耶的《登月竞赛

Kennedy Space Centre When scientists started to plan how to send people to the Moon, it became like a race. Everyone wanted to know who would be first to reach the Moon. People called it the Space Race.

当科学家们开始计划如何将人类送上月球时，这就像是一场竞赛。 每个人都想知道谁会第一个到达月球。 人们称之为太空竞赛。

Sputnik In the beginning, Russia was winning the race. It was the first to put a satellite in space. The satellite was called Sputnik. It looked like a shiny basketball, and it sent back radio messages as it flew around Earth. After that, Russia launched many other spacecraft. The first man and the first woman in space were from Russia. A Russian was the first person to walk in space.

一开始，俄罗斯赢得了这场竞赛。 它是第一个把卫星送入太空的国家。 这颗卫星被称为斯普特尼克。 它看起来像一个闪亮的篮球，它在绕地球飞行时发回了无线电信息。 在那之后，俄罗斯发射了许多其他航天器。 进入太空的第一个男人和第一个女人都来自俄罗斯。 一个俄罗斯人是第一个在太空行走的人。

spacecraft The United States was behind in the Space Race, but it was catching up fast. Astronauts were sent into space many times to learn all they could. They got useful new information each time. They worked out the best way to fly their spacecraft, and how to join up with others. Astronauts became better at spacewalking.

美国在太空竞赛中落后，但正在迅速赶上来。 宇航员多次被送入太空，尽其所能地学习。 他们每次都得到有用的新信息。 他们想出了飞行宇宙飞船的最佳方法，以及如何与他人联合起来。 宇航员在太空行走方面变得更好了。

spacesuit There is no air in space, so astronauts need a spacesuit when they are outside the spacecraft. A backpack on the spacesuit holds oxygen for the astronaut to breathe. A spacesuit is hard and heavy to work in. It's like being inside a big metal balloon, but it keeps the astronaut safe from the heat and cold in space.

太空中没有空气，所以宇航员在宇宙飞船外时需要穿宇航服。 太空服上的背包里装着供宇航员呼吸的氧气。 穿着宇航服工作又硬又重。 这就像在一个巨大的金属气球里，但它可以保护宇航员免受太空中的冷热。

Saturn V rocket The United States was first to build a rocket that was powerful enough to send people up to the Moon and back. It was called Saturn V. Thirty-two Saturn rockets were built. The first rockets were tested without a crew. Then more were tested with crews. Other Saturn rockets were used to launch and test the spacecraft that would land on the Moon.

土星五号火箭美国是第一个制造出强大到足以将人送上月球并返回的火箭的国家。 它被称为土星5号，共制造了32枚土星火箭。 第一批火箭是在没有人员的情况下进行测试的。 然后，更多的人接受了机组人员的测试。 其他土星火箭被用来发射和测试将降落在月球上的航天器。