5 The Greatest Good

Chapter 5 The Greatest Good George had no plans to leave Iowa State. He liked the faculty and the students there, and they liked him. He was studying for a graduate degree in agriculture and was teaching young men and women, too. It looked as if George was set for a long career at the school. But in April 1896, he

乔治没有离开爱荷华州的打算。 他喜欢那里的老师和学生，他们也喜欢他。 他正在攻读农学研究生学位，同时也教年轻的男女学生。 看来乔治在这所学校里会干很长一段时间。 但在1896年4月，他

received a letter that changed his life. It was from educator and orator Booker T. Washington. Washington was perhaps the most famous black man in America in the late 1800s. In 1895, he gave a speech at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia. The speech has come to be called the "Atlanta Compromise." Washington essentially urged blacks to accept the idea of separate-but-equal in

收到一封改变他一生的信。 这句话出自教育家和演说家布克·T。 华盛顿。华盛顿可能是19世纪末美国最著名的黑人。 1895年，他在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行的棉花州和国际博览会上发表了演讲。 这次演讲后来被称为“亚特兰大妥协案”。 华盛顿基本上是在敦促黑人接受隔离但平等的观念

exchange for education, job training, and fairness in the court system. He wanted blacks to work with whites, not against them, to fight racism. Not everyone agreed with Booker T. Washington. Some of his critics in the civil-rights movement felt that accepting separate-but-equal meant whites would always think blacks were not as good as they were. Booker T. Washington, of course, didn't believe that. But he believed that if blacks ever were to achieve true equality in the United States, they would need better education. That was why Booker jumped at the chance to start an all-black school in Tuskegee, Alabama, in 1881. The Tuskegee Institute opened in a run-down, one-room building that year with just $2,000 from the state of Alabama. The next year, the school purchased one hundred acres of land, and the campus began to develop.

交换教育、职业培训和司法公正。 他希望黑人与白人合作，而不是反对他们，来对抗种族主义。 并非所有人都同意布克的观点。 华盛顿。他在民权运动中的一些批评者认为，接受隔离但平等意味着白人会一直认为黑人不如他们好。 布克·t·华盛顿当然不相信这一点。 但他认为，如果黑人要在美国实现真正的平等，他们就需要更好的教育。 这就是为什么布克在1881年抓住机会，在阿拉巴马州的塔斯基吉创办了一所全黑人学校。 当年，塔斯基吉学院（Tuskegee Institute）在一幢破旧的单间大楼里开业，当时只有来自阿拉巴马州的1000名学生。 第二年，学校购买了一百英亩土地，校园开始发展。

BOOKER T. WASHINGTON (1856–1915) BOOKER TALIAFERRO WASHINGTON WAS BORN INTO SLAVERY. HE GREW UP

布克·华盛顿（1856-1915）布克·华盛顿出生于一个奴隶家庭。 他长大了

TO BECOME AN EDUCATOR, AN AUTHOR, AND A WELL-KNOWN SPEAKER. IN 1881, HE ESTABLISHED THE TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE IN TUSKEGEE, ALABAMA, BECAUSE HE FELT THAT EDUCATION WAS THE BEST PATH FOR BLACK PEOPLE TO ACHIEVE TRUE EQUALITY. IN HIS TIME, WASHINGTON WAS THE MOST FAMOUS LEADER OF THE BLACK COMMUNITY. IN 1901, HE BECAME THE FIRST BLACK PERSON TO BE OFFICIALLY INVITED TO THE WHITE HOUSE WHEN PRESIDENT THEODORE ROOSEVELT ASKED HIM TO DINNER.

成为一名教育家、作家和著名的演说家。 1881年，他在阿拉巴马州的塔斯基吉建立了塔斯基吉学院，因为他觉得教育是黑人获得真正平等的最佳途径。 在他的时代，华盛顿是黑人社区最著名的领袖。 1901年，当西奥多·罗斯福总统邀请他共进晚餐时，他成为第一个被正式邀请到白宫的黑人。

THE TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE Tuskegee wasn't a traditional college, like Iowa State, that accepted only high-school graduates. Instead, some Tuskegee students had as little as a fifth-grade education. Many of their parents and grandparents had been slaves. They were there for hands-on learning they could use in their day-to-day lives. As part of their classes, some early Tuskegee students actually built the classrooms that rose on the new campus.

塔斯基吉学院不像爱荷华州立大学那样，是一所只接受高中毕业生的传统大学。 相反，一些塔斯基吉学生只受过五年级的教育。 他们的父母和祖父母中有许多人曾经是奴隶。 他们在那里学习可以在日常生活中使用的实践知识。 作为他们课程的一部分，一些早期的塔斯基吉学生实际上建造了新校园里的教室。