4 Ben Franklin, Printer

Chapter 4 Ben Franklin, Printer As Ben had expected, James did not try to track him down. Ben couldn't find printing work in New York, though. He went on to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The runaway apprentice made half the trip by boat. He walked the other fifty miles. Ben arrived in Philadelphia tired and dirty. His extra shirts and stockings were bulging out of his pockets. He was hungry, so he bought three penny rolls at a bakery.

第四章印刷工本·富兰克林正如本所料，詹姆斯并没有试图找到他。 然而，本在纽约找不到印刷工作。 他接着去了宾夕法尼亚州的费城。 那个逃跑的学徒一半的路程是坐船走的。 他走了另外的五十英里。 本到达费城时又累又脏。 他多余的衬衫和长袜从口袋里鼓了出来。 他饿了，所以他在面包店买了三个小面包卷。

Ben stuck two of the rolls under his arms. He stuffed the third into his mouth. As Ben walked along, a girl named Deborah Read saw him from her doorway. She burst out laughing at the sight. Ben rented a room from Debby's family. He found a job with a printer. Ben did so well that he was soon running the business. The governor of Pennsylvania saw Ben's printing work. He was impressed. The governor offered to help set Ben up in business. If Ben

本把两卷面包夹在腋下。 他把第三个塞进嘴里。 本走着走着，一个叫黛博拉·里德的女孩从门口看见了他。 看到这情景，她突然大笑起来。 本从黛比家租了间房。 他找到了一份印刷工的工作。 本做得很好，很快就开始经营生意了。 宾夕法尼亚州的州长看到了本的印刷作品。 他被打动了。州长提出帮助本创业。 如果本

would visit England to buy printing supplies, the governor promised, he would pay the bills. LONDON

如果他到英国去购买印刷用品，总督保证他会支付费用。 伦敦

The eighteen-year-old printer was thrilled by the offer. He sailed in late 1724, and reached London on Christmas Eve. But the governor had been all talk. He never sent the money. Ben was stranded in England, 3,000 miles from home. But Ben made the best of things. He found work at a London printing house. During his year and a half in England, he learned more about printing. He also met famous scientists and authors. In 1725, at the age of only nineteen, he wrote and printed a booklet about religion.

这个18岁的印刷工对这个提议非常激动。 他于1724年底启航，并于平安夜抵达伦敦。 但州长只是说说而已。 他从未寄过钱。本被困在英格兰，离家3000英里。 但本尽力做到了最好。 他在伦敦一家印刷厂找到了工作。 在英国的一年半里，他学到了更多关于印刷的知识。 他还会见了著名的科学家和作家。 1725年，年仅19岁的他撰写并印刷了一本关于宗教的小册子。

For fun, he swam in the Thames River. Once he swam more than three miles on a bet. As crowds watched him swim, Ben had an idea. He would stay in England to run a swimming school. Fortunately for America, he changed his mind. In the fall of 1726, Ben returned to Philadelphia. For a while he worked for a printer. Then in 1728 he went into the printing business for himself. The next year, he began to publish his own newspaper. It was called the Pennsylvania Gazette. Ben was its editor, printer, and star reporter. He drew one of the first cartoons to appear in an American newspaper. His paper was also one of the first to print a map with an article.

为了好玩，他在泰晤士河里游泳。 有一次他打赌游了三英里多。 当人们看着他游泳时，本有了一个主意。 他将留在英国开办一所游泳学校。 幸运的是，他改变了主意。 1726年秋天，本回到费城。 他曾在一家印刷厂工作过一段时间。 1728年，他开始自己经营印刷业。 第二年，他开始出版自己的报纸。 它的名字叫《宾夕法尼亚公报》。 本是它的编辑、印刷工和明星记者。 他画了最早出现在美国报纸上的漫画之一。 他的报纸也是第一批在地图上印文章的报纸之一。

PRINTING IN COLONIAL TIMES THE COMPOSER LAYS THE TYPE OUT ON A COMPOSING STICK, THEN PLACES IT IN A FRAME CALLED A GALLEY. THE GALLEYS ARE GIVEN TO THE STONEMAN, WHO COMBINES THEM TIGHTLY TOGETHER ON A FORM. THE FORM IS GIVEN TO THE PRESSMEN, WHO SET IT ON THE STONE. THEN INK IS BEATEN ONTO THE TYPE WITH MALLETS. WET PAPER IS PLACED ON THE TYMPAN, SECURED BY THE FRISKET, AND FOLDED OVER THE INKED TYPE.

在殖民时期的印刷中，作曲家把字型放在排版棒上，然后把它放在一个叫做“画框”的框架里。 石匠把船底交给石匠，他把船底紧紧地组合在一起。 英汉亚4:6这字交给印刷的人，他们就把字印在石头上。 然后用木槌把墨水打到铅字上。 将湿纸放在打印纸上，用打印纸固定，然后折叠在油墨上。