2 Chapter 1 A Hundred Years of War

CHAPTER 1 A Hundred Years of War Joan of Arc was born in the village of Domrémy, France. It is believed that her birthday is January 6, 1412, but there is no official record. Her family called her Jehanne, but she eventually came to be known by the English form of her name: Joan. Joan's father was Jacques d'Arc. Her mother was named Isabelle. Joan had three older brothers, Jacquemin, Jean, and Pierre, and a sister, Catherine. As a girl in Domrémy, Joan was taught to sew and spin wool into yarn. Joan, her brothers, and her sister carried water from the village well to the house, and they helped care for the family's cattle and sheep. Like many of the other children in the village, she never learned to read or write. She dressed

第一章百年战争圣女贞德出生在法国的多姆萨梅村。 人们相信她的生日是1412年1月6日，但没有官方记录。 她的家人叫她Jehanne，但她最终以她名字的英文形式Joan为人所知。 琼的父亲是雅克·德·阿克。 她的母亲名叫伊莎贝尔。 琼有三个哥哥，杰奎明、让和皮埃尔，还有一个妹妹凯瑟琳。 当琼还是个女孩的时候，她就学会了缝纫和把羊毛纺成纱。 琼、她的兄弟和妹妹从村里的井里挑水到家里，他们还帮忙照顾家里的牛羊。 像村里的许多其他孩子一样，她从未学会读写。 她穿着

like an ordinary country girl of the time, in a simple dark red dress. In the woods outside her village stood an old beech tree that was said to have once been the meeting spot for a fairy and the

就像当时一个普通的乡村女孩，穿着一件简单的深红色连衣裙。 在她村子外的树林里有一棵老山毛榉树，据说那里曾经是一个仙女和仙女见面的地方

man she loved. Villagers called it the fairy tree. In springtime, boys and girls hung flowers there and danced. They said the stream nearby was magic and could cure illness. Whatever magic beliefs there were in Domrémy, the official religion was Roman Catholic—the people were Christians. Joan was a good Catholic. She prayed every day and went to church every Sunday.

她爱的男人。村民们称它为仙女树。 春天，男孩和女孩们在那里挂花跳舞。 他们说附近的小溪有魔力，可以治病。 无论多姆萨梅有什么神奇的信仰，官方宗教都是罗马天主教——人们都是基督徒。 琼是个虔诚的天主教徒。她每天祈祷，每个星期天都去教堂。

Life in Domrémy should have been peaceful, but the country was torn apart by war. In 1420, when Joan was eight, the French king, Charles VI, signed an agreement with England's King Henry V. It said that Henry's son—who was Charles's grandson—would rule both France and England. Many French people felt betrayed by the treaty. They did not want an English king—even one

多姆萨梅的生活本应是和平的，但这个国家却被战争撕裂了。 1420年，贞德8岁时，法国国王查理六世与英国国王亨利五世签署了一项协议。 它说亨利的儿子，也就是查理的孙子将统治法国和英国。 许多法国人觉得条约背叛了他们。 他们不想要一个英格兰国王，哪怕是一个

who was part French—to rule them. They believed their true king was Charles VI's own son Charles, whom they called the dauphin (say: doe-FAN). But not all French people liked the dauphin. Some wanted to be ruled by the English king. When Charles VI died in 1422, everyone fought over who was the true king. Growing up, Joan saw many boys from Domrémy fight with boys from the neighboring towns over who should win the war and who should rule France.

有部分法国血统的人来统治他们 他们认为真正的国王是查理六世的儿子查理，他们称他为太子(说成:doe-FAN)。 但并不是所有的法国人都喜欢太子。 有些人希望被英国国王统治。 当查理六世于1422年去世时，每个人都在争夺谁是真正的国王。 在琼的成长过程中，她看到许多来自多姆萨梅的男孩和邻近城镇的男孩为了谁应该赢得战争和谁应该统治法国而打架。

Hundred Years' War In 1328, Charles IV, the king of France, died without any children to inherit his crown. The empty throne soon became a prize to fight over. The English king, Edward III, claimed that he should rule France because he was the nephew of the dead king. But the French chose a cousin of Charles instead. England declared war on France, and the two countries would continue to fight on and off for decades. The Hundred Years' War, as it was called, lasted from 1337 to 1453.

百年战争1328年，法国国王查理四世去世，没有子嗣继承王位。 空王位很快成为争夺的目标。 英国国王爱德华三世声称他应该统治法国，因为他是已故国王的侄子。 但法国人选择了查理的一个堂兄。 英国向法国宣战，两国断断续续地打了几十年。 所谓的百年战争从1337年持续到1453年。