6 Chapter 5 Mahatma in India

Chapter 5 Mahatma in India Gandhi had lived away from India for more than twenty years. But his work in South Africa was well-known in India. He had written pamphlets that had been distributed there. Newspapers, in both England and India, had reported stories of his work in South Africa. His home country greeted him like a hero.

甘地在印度以外的地方生活了二十多年。 但他在南非的工作在印度是众所周知的。 他写了一些小册子，在那里分发。 英国和印度的报纸都报道了他在南非的工作。 他的祖国像英雄一样欢迎他。

Rabindranath Tagore, a famous poet of the time, called Gandhi Mahatma, which means “Great Soul.” Indians started calling him Mahatma to show their great respect for him. Gandhi came home with a mission. He wanted India to govern itself. He wanted to show the British Raj that Indians would be loyal to them. He urged Indians to be confident and act fairly. He urged them to show respect to the British and not treat them as an enemy. In return, he hoped the government would give India its independence. Gandhi also wanted Indians to look at the unfair parts of their own traditions, such as the caste system and treatment of untouchables. He wanted to put satyagraha to work in India, too. He created a settlement that was similar to the Phoenix and Tolstoy Farm communities, the Satyagraha Ashram. The settlement was on the Sabarmati River near the city of Ahmedabad.

拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔，当时一位著名的诗人，被称为甘地·圣雄，意思是“伟大的灵魂”。印度人开始称他为圣雄，以表达他们对他的敬意。 甘地带着使命回家。 他希望印度能够自治。 他想向英国统治表明，印度人会忠于他们。 他敦促印度人要自信，要公平行事。 他敦促他们尊重英国人，不要把他们当作敌人。 作为回报，他希望政府给予印度独立。 甘地还希望印度人审视自己传统中不公平的部分，比如种姓制度和对贱民的待遇。 他也想让satyagraha在印度发挥作用。 他创建了一个类似于凤凰城和托尔斯泰农场社区的定居点，即Satyagraha Ashram。 该定居点位于艾哈迈达巴德市附近的萨巴尔马蒂河上。

Gandhi had carefully chosen this location. Ahmedabad was a center for the textile industry. The people of Gandhi’s ashram spun yarn and wove cloth. The businesspeople of Ahmedabad

甘地精心选择了这个地方。 艾哈迈达巴德是纺织业的中心。 甘地道场的人们纺纱和织布。 艾哈迈达巴德的商人

welcomed the ashram and collected money to help support it. Opened on May 25, 1915, the Satyagraha Ashram members lived like one large family. Besides spinning yarn, they farmed and grew fruit trees. They read and studied and prayed. They lived a simple life without many possessions.

欢迎道场并募款支持它。 萨蒂亚格拉哈道场于1915年5月25日开幕，成员们像一个大家庭一样生活。 除了纺纱，他们还耕种和种植果树。 他们读书、学习、祈祷。 他们过着简朴的生活，没有很多财产。

Gandhi called the untouchables of India harijans, which means “children of God.” He wished to treat them like any other Indians. But even members of the ashram, who agreed with most of Gandhi’s beliefs, did not always agree with Gandhi’s teachings about untouchables. In September 1915, an untouchable couple and their baby daughter wanted to join the ashram. Gandhi accepted them. Some members objected and left the ashram. Even Kasturbai was upset.

甘地称印度的贱民为harijans，意思是“上帝的孩子”。他希望像对待其他印第安人一样对待他们。 但是，即使是赞同甘地大部分信仰的道场成员，也并不总是同意甘地关于贱民的教义。 1915年9月，一对贱民夫妇和他们的小女儿想加入道场。 甘地接受了他们。一些成员表示反对并离开了道场。 就连卡斯图尔拜也感到不安。

She refused to work in the kitchen alongside the untouchable woman. The textile owners who had donated money for the running of the ashram refused to continue their support. Then one day, one of the most powerful Hindu businessmen in Ahmedabad drove to the ashram. He gave Gandhi enough money to keep the community going for at least another year. Gandhi was pleased. The fact that traditional Hindus were

她拒绝在厨房里和那个贱货一起工作。 为修行所捐款的纺织业主拒绝继续提供支持。 后来有一天，艾哈迈达巴德一位最有权势的印度教商人开车来到这里。 他给了甘地足够的钱，让这个社区至少再运转一年。 甘地很高兴。传统的印度教徒