8 Chapter 5 Mr. President

Chapter 5 Mr. President Once again Lincoln asked Douglas to debate him. This time, Douglas had to accept. In 1858, seven debates were held in different towns all over Illinois. The main issue was slavery. People poured in from neighboring states to listen. The whole country followed the Lincoln-Douglas debates in the newspapers. Reporters wrote down every word each man said. Lincoln and Douglas made comical opponents. Douglas was short, round, and dignified. His nickname was "The Little Giant" because he dressed elegantly and had a rich, deep voice. Lincoln was tall, thin, and awkward. He still dressed like a farmer, and had a high, thin voice. Douglas traveled to the debates in a private

第五章总统先生林肯再次请道格拉斯和他辩论。 这一次，道格拉斯不得不接受。 1858年，在伊利诺斯州的不同城镇举行了七场辩论。 主要问题是奴隶制。 人们从邻近的州蜂拥而来聆听。 全国上下都在报纸上关注林肯和道格拉斯的辩论。 记者们记下了每个人说的每一句话。 林肯和道格拉斯成了滑稽的对手。 道格拉斯又矮又圆，很威严。 他的绰号是“小巨人”，因为他穿着优雅，声音浑厚而低沉。 林肯又高又瘦，笨手笨脚的。 他仍然穿得像个农民，声音又高又细。 道格拉斯以私人身份前往参加辩论

carriage. Lincoln rode the train with everyone else, joking and chatting. But both men were very skilled speakers.

马车。林肯和大家一起坐火车，谈笑风生。 但两人都是非常熟练的演说家。

People disagreed about who had won the debates. And Lincoln lost the Senate election again. But he had become famous. He was invited to lecture on slavery in New York City. He won over the huge crowd with his passion and simple, logical arguments. This was his first public appearance on the east coast, the center of political power in the United States. While Lincoln was making a name for himself, the country was moving toward a crisis. States in the South talked about leaving the United States to form their own country. President Buchanan was a weak leader who didn't know how to control the South. He couldn't even keep the support of his own party. In 1860, the Democratic Party could not agree on whom to support for president. They were split between Stephen Douglas and another candidate. LINCOLN'S VIEWS ON BLACK PEOPLE

对于谁赢得了辩论，人们意见不一。 林肯再次输掉了参议院选举。 但他已经出名了。他被邀请到纽约市做关于奴隶制的演讲。 他以他的激情和简单、合乎逻辑的论点赢得了广大群众的支持。 这是他第一次在美国政治权力中心东海岸公开露面。 当林肯声名鹊起时，国家正走向危机。 南方各州谈到要离开美国，建立自己的国家。 布坎南总统是一个软弱的领导人，他不知道如何控制南方。 他甚至无法保持自己政党的支持。 1860年，民主党无法就支持谁竞选总统达成一致。 他们分成了斯蒂芬·道格拉斯和另一位候选人。 林肯对黑人的看法

ALTHOUGH LINCOLN DID NOT THINK BLACKS SHOULD BE SLAVES, HE DID NOT SUPPORT COMPLETE EQUALITY FOR THEM, EITHER. HE DID NOT THINK THE TWO RACES COULD EVER LIVE TOGETHER COMFORTABLY. SO HE SUGGESTED THAT FREED SLAVES SHOULD BE SENT TO A COLONY SOMEWHERE. IT TOOK HIM YEARS TO REALIZE THAT MOST BLACKS

虽然林肯不认为黑人应该成为奴隶，但他也不支持黑人完全平等。 他认为这两个种族永远不会舒适地生活在一起。 因此，他建议把获得自由的奴隶送到某个殖民地。 他花了很多年才意识到大多数黑人

DIDN'T WANT TO MOVE TO A NEW COUNTRY—THEY WANTED RIGHTS In THEIR OWN COUNTRY. OF COURSE LINCOLN DIDN'T ACTUALLY KNOW MANY BLACK PEOPLE. LATER, WHEN THE CIVIL WAR BROUGHT HIM INTO CONTACT WITH THEM, HE BECAME MORE OPEN-MINDED. THE NEW YEAR'S DAY PARTY THE LINCOLNS GAVE In 1864 WAS THE FIRST EVENT EVER AT WHICH BLACKS WERE GUESTS AT THE WHITE HOUSE.

不想搬到一个新的国家——他们想在自己的国家获得权利。 当然，林肯实际上并不认识很多黑人。 后来，当内战使他接触到他们时，他变得更加开放了。 林肯在1864年举办的新年晚会是有史以来第一次邀请黑人来白宫做客。