6 Underground

Chapter 6 Underground Pictures of Sharpeville spread around the world. This was what apartheid looked like. Outside South Africa the killings were condemned. The United Nations blamed the South African government for what happened. Foreign businesses pulled their investment money out of South Africa. The government declared a state of emergency. Now the police could arrest anyone suspected of acting against the government—no proof needed. All public meetings were now illegal. Sharpeville had a big effect on Nelson and the rest

沙佩维尔的照片传遍了世界。 这就是种族隔离的样子。 在南非之外，这些杀戮受到谴责。 联合国指责南非政府应对所发生的事情负责。 外国企业将他们的投资资金撤出南非。 政府宣布进入紧急状态。 现在，警察可以逮捕任何涉嫌反对政府的人——不需要证据。 现在所有的公开集会都是非法的。 沙佩维尔对纳尔逊和其他人产生了很大的影响

of the ANC. Nelson and Oliver Tambo had spoken in 1959 about what they should do in the event of a crisis like this. They thought one of them should leave South Africa to gain support for their cause around the world. But strong ANC leaders were also needed at home. They decided that Tambo should be the one to leave South Africa. Nelson would stay. The next day police arrived at the Mandelas' door. In front of a pregnant Winnie and little Zenani, Nelson was arrested.

非洲人国民大会主席。纳尔逊和奥利弗·坦博在1959年谈到了他们在发生这样的危机时应该做些什么。 他们认为其中一人应该离开南非，为他们的事业在世界各地获得支持。 但国内也需要强有力的非国大领导人。 他们决定坦博应该离开南非。 纳尔逊会留下来。第二天，警察来到曼德拉家的门口。 当着怀孕的温妮和小泽纳尼的面，纳尔逊被捕了。

He stayed in jail for five months without being charged with a crime. His second daughter, Zindziswa (called Zindzi), was born in December 1960. Eventually, he was accused of the most serious crime possible—trying to overthrow the government. On March 29, 1961, one year after the terrible Sharpeville murders, Nelson Mandela and the other defendants from the Treason Trial were finally found not guilty. The main judge on the three-judge panel

他在监狱里呆了五个月，没有被指控犯罪。 他的第二个女儿Zindziswa（叫Zindzi）出生于1960年12月。 最终，他被指控犯有最严重的罪行——试图推翻政府。 1961年3月29日，在可怕的沙佩维尔谋杀案发生一年后，纳尔逊·曼德拉和叛国罪审判中的其他被告最终被判无罪。 三名法官小组中的主审法官

said that although they had broken the law, he could find no proof that they were trying to overthrow the government. During that same month, a civil-rights conference was held in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Nelson now planned to go underground. Leaving his family, he hid out with friends, slept during the day, and went out only at night. He met secretly with reporters. In interviews, he explained that Sharpeville had changed the way he thought about protest. He said, "In my

他说，虽然他们触犯了法律，但他找不到任何证据证明他们试图推翻政府。 同月，在南非彼得马里茨堡举行了一次民权会议。 纳尔逊现在计划转入地下。 离开家人，他和朋友们躲在一起，白天睡觉，晚上才出去。 他秘密会见了记者。 在采访中，他解释说沙佩维尔改变了他对抗议的看法。 他说：“在我的

mind, we are closing a chapter on this question of a nonviolent policy." Black South Africans had tried nonviolence to end apartheid. But events like Sharpeville showed that it didn't work. The South African government had no problem killing peaceful protesters. Nelson and the ANC changed tactics. There was a need for armed resistance, so a new group was formed. It was called Umkhonto we Sizwe (oom-KOHN-toh-way-SEEZ-way), or Spear of the Nation. Nelson was its commander in chief. Although the new group did not want to kill people, it was ready to destroy power plants, railways, and telephone lines. By disrupting the running of the country, the Spear hoped to force the white government to end apartheid. Nelson hid out on the Liliesleaf Farm in Rivonia with other ANC leaders like Walter Sisulu. To avoid arrest, he wore disguises. One day he was an errand boy, the next a chef. He dressed in the dusty overalls of a gardener or the beads and painted face of a tribal healer. He had many narrow escapes. One time he was spotted by a black guard—but the man simply gave him the ANC "thumbs-up" signal and turned the other way. Whoever the guard was, he wanted Nelson to

记住，我们正在结束非暴力政策问题的一章。” 南非黑人曾尝试用非暴力手段结束种族隔离制度。 但像沙佩维尔这样的事件表明，这行不通。 南非政府屠杀和平抗议者没有问题。 纳尔逊和ANC改变了策略。 有必要进行武装抵抗，因此成立了一个新的组织。 它被称为Umkhonto we Sizwe (om- kohn -toh-way- seez -way)，或国家之矛。 纳尔逊是它的总司令。 虽然这个新组织不想杀人，但他们准备破坏发电厂、铁路和电话线。 通过扰乱国家的运行，长矛党希望迫使白人政府结束种族隔离制度。 纳尔逊和其他非国大领导人如沃尔特·西苏鲁躲在里沃尼亚的百合叶农场。 为了避免被捕，他乔装打扮。 今天他还是个跑腿的，明天就成了厨师。 他穿着满是灰尘的园丁工作服，或者戴着珠子，脸上涂着部落治疗师的表情。 他多次死里逃生。 有一次，他被一个黑人警卫发现了——但那个人只是给了他一个非国大竖起大拇指的手势，然后转身离开了。 不管那个警卫是谁，他想让尼尔森

stay free. The government hated Nelson for outsmarting them. Then Nelson's luck ran out. On August 5, 1962, the police stopped a car. In the passenger seat was a black man dressed as a chauffeur. It was Nelson. He tried to convince the policemen that his name was David Motsamayi. But the police didn't believe it. He was arrested. Somehow the police had known that Nelson's car was going to come through that spot on that day. No one knows who betrayed him. Nelson was sentenced to five years in prison with hard labor. As the police took him away the crowd shouted, "Tshotsholoza, Mandela!" ("Struggle on, Mandela!")

保持自由。政府痛恨纳尔逊比他们聪明。 然后，纳尔逊的运气到头了。 1962年8月5日，警察拦下了一辆汽车。 副驾驶座位上坐着一个打扮成司机的黑人。 是纳尔逊。他试图让警察相信他的名字是大卫·莫特萨马伊。 但是警察不相信。 他被逮捕了。不知怎么的，警察早就知道那天纳尔逊的车会经过那个地方。 没人知道是谁背叛了他。 纳尔逊被判处五年监禁，做苦役。 当警察把他带走时，人群喊道：“Tshotsholoza, Mandela!”（“继续奋斗，曼德拉！”）