13 Glossary

GLOSSARY ASH Tiny bits of rock material that have been blown into the air by an erupting volcano CRATER A bowl-shaped hole in the top part of a volcano CRUST The outer layer of the Earth, where the land is DORMANT The word used to describe a volcano that has not erupted in a long time ERUPTION When lava, ash, or rock shoots or flows out of a volcano EVACUATE When people are moved from danger to a safer place

火山灰火山喷发时被吹到空中的微小岩石碎片火山口火山地壳顶部的碗状洞地球的外层，陆地处于休眠状态用来描述长时间未喷发的火山喷发当熔岩、火山灰或岩石从火山喷出或流出时疏散当人们从危险中转移到更安全的地方时

FERTILE Land where the soil is good for growing crops GPS A system that helps people determine exact locations on Earth and get directions HOT SPRINGS Places by volcanoes where hot water from underground bubbles up to the Earth's surface LAVA Hot, melted rock that has erupted at the Earth's surface MAGMA Hot, melted rock below the Earth's surface MOLTEN Metal or rock that has become so hot it has turned to liquid OBSERVATORY A place containing scientific equipment used to study nature

肥沃的土地,土壤适合种植庄稼的GPS系统,帮助人们确定地球上的确切位置,方向由火山温泉地方热水从地下泡沫到地表的岩浆热,融化的岩石在地表的岩浆爆发热,融化岩石的地球表面熔融金属或石头下变得如此热它变成了液体天文台包含科学设备用于研究自然的地方

PLUME A long cloud of smoke that looks like a feather PUMICE A light volcanic rock that is full of holes SEISMOLOGY The study of earthquakes and their effects TECTONIC PLATES Giant rocky plates that make up the Earth's crust VOLCANO An opening in the Earth's crust, usually in the shape of a mountain, which sometimes erupts VOLCANOLOGIST Someone who studies volcanoes WINCH A device used to lift heavy objects

羽状物一种看起来像羽毛的长云浮石一种充满孔洞的轻火山岩地震学研究地震及其影响的构造板块构成地壳的巨大岩石板块火山地壳上的开口，通常呈山的形状，有时会喷发火山学家研究火山的人绞车用来举起重物的装置