13 Glossary

GLOSSARY ASH Tiny bits of rock material that have been blown into the air by an erupting volcano CRATER A bowl-shaped hole in the top part of a volcano CRUST The outer layer of the Earth, where the land is DORMANT The word used to describe a volcano that has not erupted in a long time ERUPTION When lava, ash, or rock shoots or flows out of a volcano EVACUATE When people are moved from danger to a safer place

FERTILE Land where the soil is good for growing crops GPS A system that helps people determine exact locations on Earth and get directions HOT SPRINGS Places by volcanoes where hot water from underground bubbles up to the Earth's surface LAVA Hot, melted rock that has erupted at the Earth's surface MAGMA Hot, melted rock below the Earth's surface MOLTEN Metal or rock that has become so hot it has turned to liquid OBSERVATORY A place containing scientific equipment used to study nature

PLUME A long cloud of smoke that looks like a feather PUMICE A light volcanic rock that is full of holes SEISMOLOGY The study of earthquakes and their effects TECTONIC PLATES Giant rocky plates that make up the Earth's crust VOLCANO An opening in the Earth's crust, usually in the shape of a mountain, which sometimes erupts VOLCANOLOGIST Someone who studies volcanoes WINCH A device used to lift heavy objects

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