45 The Architects

The Architects by Meish Goldish Table of Contents Chapter 1 What Is an Architect? page 2 Chapter 2 How Does an Architect Plan? page 4 Chapter 3 How Do You Become an Architect? page 12 Glossary/ Index page 15 Comprehension Check page 16

作者:Meish Goldish目录第一章什么是建筑师? 第二章建筑师如何规划? 第三章如何成为一名建筑师? 词汇表/索引第15页理解检查第16页

Chapter 1 What Is an Architect? Look around the room that you are sitting in. Who decided where the doors should go? Who decided how high the walls should be? This architect has made plans for some new homes. An architect decided those things and more. An architect is a person who plans how something will look before it is built. Architects plan, or design, all kinds of buildings. They design homes, schools, offices, libraries, hospitals, and movie theaters. Almost anything that is built must first be designed by an architect. Other Things an Architect Designs apartments stores restaurants factories stadiums museums train stations hotels

第一章什么是建筑师? 环顾一下你所坐的房间。 谁决定这些门应该放在哪里? 谁决定的墙应该有多高? 这位建筑师已经为一些新房子做了计划。 建筑师决定了这些事情，甚至更多。 建筑师是在建造之前计划事物外观的人。 建筑师规划或设计各种建筑。 他们设计住宅、学校、办公室、图书馆、医院和电影院。 几乎任何建造的东西都必须先由建筑师设计。 建筑师设计公寓、商店、餐馆、工厂、体育场馆、博物馆、火车站、旅馆

Chapter 2 How Does an Architect Plan? Architects make many plans before a building is ever built. They decide how every part of the building will look. Architects design the outside and the inside of the building. They want people to like the way the building looks, even if it is not ordinary. The architect Frank Lloyd Wright designed this eye-catching shape for the Guggenheim Museum in New York City. Architects think about how the space will be used. Suppose that an architect was asked to design a new school. What if the architect planned only two classrooms for 1,000 students? Don't laugh— that would be terrible! Good architects design buildings with enough room for everyone. This school was designed to have classrooms, a library, a cafeteria, a gym, and office space.

第2章建筑师如何规划? 建筑师在建筑建成之前要做很多计划。 他们决定大楼每一部分的外观。 建筑师设计建筑的外部和内部。 他们希望人们喜欢建筑的样子，即使它并不普通。 建筑师弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特为纽约市的古根海姆博物馆设计了这个引人注目的形状。 建筑师会考虑如何使用空间。 假设一位建筑师被要求设计一所新学校。 如果建筑师只为1000名学生设计两间教室呢? 别笑了——那太可怕了!好的建筑师设计的建筑物要有足够的空间容纳所有人。 这所学校被设计成有教室、图书馆、自助餐厅、健身房和办公场所。

Architects start to plan by talking with their clients. Clients are people who pay the architect to design a building for them. If you ever hired an architect to design a house, you would be the client. This architect shows her client pictures of other homes she designed. These clients are looking at the architect's plans for their new house. Often, clients have some interesting ideas about how they want a home to look. They share their ideas with the architect. A client might say, "I would like a house with four bedrooms. I want a big front porch with play space for my children."

建筑师通过与客户交谈开始规划。 客户是付钱让建筑师为他们设计建筑的人。 如果你雇了一个建筑师来设计房子，你就是客户。 这位建筑师向她的客户展示她设计的其他房屋的图片。 这些客户正在看建筑师为他们的新房子设计的设计图。 通常，客户对他们想要的房子外观有一些有趣的想法。 他们与建筑师分享自己的想法。 客户可能会说:“我想要一套有四间卧室的房子。 我想要一个大的前廊，给我的孩子们一个玩耍的空间。”

Next, an architect goes to work putting the design on paper. The architect draws pictures to show how the home will look once it is built. The architect draws building plans called blueprints. They show how the structure will look, floor by floor. A blueprint is carefully drawn to show exactly how everything will look. While planning, an architect thinks about problems and ways to solve them. Does the client own two cars? Then the garage will need to be wide enough to hold both of them. Do high winds often blow in the area? Then the windows will need extra-strong glass. An architect uses special tools for drawing.

接下来，建筑师开始把设计写在纸上。 建筑师画了一些图片来展示房子建成后的样子。 建筑师画建筑平面图，称为蓝图。 他们展示了一层一层的结构外观。 蓝图被仔细地画出来，准确地显示出每件事情的样子。 在规划时，架构师会考虑问题和解决问题的方法。 客户有两辆车吗? 然后车库需要足够宽来容纳他们两个。 这个地区经常刮大风吗? 那窗户就需要超强玻璃了。 建筑师使用特殊的工具来绘图。