8 Genius

CHAPTER 1 Are You a Genius? HERE ARE SOME QUESTIONS. SEE IF YOU CAN ANSWER THEM. 1. Some months have 31 days. How many months have 28 days? 2. There are 3 apples. You take 2 away. How many do you have? 3. It rains at 11 a.m. in London. Can it be sunny 36 hours later? 4. Mary's father has five daughters: Nana, Nene, Nini, and Nono. What is the name of the other daughter? 5. How many times can you take away 5 from 25? 6. Can you make one word from the letters in "new door"? 7. You are driving a bus with 43 people in New York. You stop the bus. 7 people get on and 2 leave. At the next stop, 8 leave the bus and 4 get on. At the next stop, 3 people get on and 5 leave. What is the name of the driver? 8. A town is three kilometers long. How far can you walk into it? But these questions are only for fun. What does a real intelligence test ask you? Look at the next chapter.

第一章你是天才吗？ 这里有一些问题。看看你能不能回答。 1. 有些月份有31天。 有几个月有28天? 2. 有3个苹果。拿走2。 你有多少？3. 上午11点下雨。 在伦敦。36小时后会是晴天吗？ 4. 玛丽的父亲有五个女儿：娜娜、内内、妮妮和诺诺。 另一个女儿叫什么名字？ 5. 25减去5可以得到多少次？ 6. 你能从“new door”中的字母组成一个单词吗？ 7. 你在纽约驾驶一辆载有43人的公共汽车。 你停了车。7个人上车，2个人下车。 在下一站，8人下车，4人上车。 在下一站，3个人上车，5个人下车。 司机叫什么名字？ 8. 一个镇有三公里长。 你能走多远？ 但这些问题只是为了好玩。 真正的智力测试会问你什么？ 请看下一章。

CHAPTER 2 What Is a Genius? HOW DO WE TEST INTELLIGENCE? Intelligence tests began in the early 1900s. When you do a test, you get a score. Put a lot of scores together and they look like the picture above. As you can see, a lot of people get a score of about 100. Very few people get a score above 145. Some of these people are geniuses. What kinds of geniuses? Well, some of them write good music or books. Some are painters. Others have new ideas in science and are inventors. Questions like these can tell us how intelligent people are. See if you can answer them. The questions are testing different things. Some use numbers, some use letters, and others use pictures. This is because people have different kinds of intelligence.

第二章什么是天才？ 我们如何测试智力？ 智力测验始于20世纪初。 当你做测试时，你会得到一个分数。 把很多分数放在一起，它们看起来就像上面的图片。 正如你所看到的，很多人的分数都在100分左右。 很少有人能得145分以上。 有些人是天才。 什么样的天才？嗯，他们中的一些人写了很好的音乐或书。 有些是画家。其他人在科学上有新的想法，是发明家。 这样的问题可以告诉我们一个人有多聪明。 看看你能不能回答。 这些问题测试的是不同的东西。 一些人用数字，一些人用字母，还有一些人用图片。 这是因为人们有不同种类的智力。

Genuises have a different kind of intelligence from other people. Sometimes they do unusual things. Michelangelo (1475—1564) was a great painter and sculptor. He slept in his clothes, with his shoes on. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770—1827) was a musician. He was deaf later in his life. He couldn't hear, but he wrote more great music. Albert Einstein (1879—1955) was a great scientist. He had many important new ideas, but he never remembered his phone number. Also, he didn't wear socks. Not all geniuses are men. Marie Curie (1867—1934) was the most important scientist ever. Einstein said she made his work possible. She discovered radium, but she often forgot to eat. Sometimes in the past, women did important work, but nobody knew about it. In 1952 in King's College, London, Rosalind Franklin took pictures of DNA. DNA is something in our bodies. It is why we look like our parents. James Watson and Francis Crick discovered what DNA looks like at Cambridge University in 1953. But they used Rosalind Franklin's photograph and some of her ideas in their work. In 1962, Watson and Crick got the Nobel Prize. Rosalind Franklin died four years earlier, at the age of 37. She did not get the Nobel Prize.

天才拥有与其他人不同的智力。 有时他们会做一些不寻常的事情。 米开朗基罗（1475-1564）是一位伟大的画家和雕塑家。 他穿着衣服睡觉，还穿着鞋子。 路德维希·凡·贝多芬（1770-1827）是一位音乐家。 他后来失聪了。 他听不见，但他写出了更伟大的音乐。 爱因斯坦（1879-1955）是一位伟大的科学家。 他有许多重要的新想法，但他从来不记得自己的电话号码。 而且，他也没穿袜子。 并非所有的天才都是男性。玛丽·居里（1867-1934）是有史以来最重要的科学家。 爱因斯坦说她使他的工作成为可能。 她发现了镭，但她经常忘记吃饭。 有时在过去，妇女做了重要的工作，但没有人知道。 1952年，在伦敦国王学院，罗莎琳德·富兰克林拍摄了DNA的照片。 DNA是我们身体里的东西。 这就是为什么我们长得像我们的父母。 1953年，詹姆斯·沃森和弗朗西斯·克里克在剑桥大学发现了DNA的样子。 但他们在作品中使用了罗莎琳德·富兰克林的照片和她的一些想法。 1962年，沃森和克里克获得了诺贝尔奖。 罗莎琳德·富兰克林在四年前去世，享年37岁。 她没有获得诺贝尔奖。

CHAPTER 3 Savants PEOPLE CALL STEPHEN WILTSHIRE "THE LIVING CAMERA." Look at this picture of New York. Stephen Wiltshire drew it. He flew above the city in a helicopter, then worked on the picture for five days. Stephen comes from London. He didn't speak his first words until he was five— then he said "pencil" and "paper." Stephen is a savant. There are not many of them in the world. Savants can do some things very well, but other things are difficult for them. Often they don't talk to people very much. Rex Lewis-Clack can't see, and he doesn't speak very well. When he was very young, he listened to music. He got a small piano for his second birthday. After that day, he played and played. At age eight he played for money. He can hear a piece of music once and play it. Now he plays the piano in many countries, but he needs help to get dressed every day.

学者们称斯蒂芬·威尔特希尔为“活的照相机”。 看看这张纽约的照片。 Stephen Wiltshire画的。 他乘坐直升机飞越城市上空，然后花了五天时间拍摄这张照片。 斯蒂芬来自伦敦。 他直到五岁才会说第一个单词——然后他会说“铅笔”和“纸”。 斯蒂芬是个学者。世界上这样的人并不多。 学者可以把一些事情做得很好，但其他事情对他们来说很难。 他们通常不怎么和人说话。 雷克斯·刘易斯-克拉克看不见，说话也不太好。 当他很小的时候，他听音乐。 他两岁生日时得到一架小钢琴。 从那天起，他就一直玩啊玩。 八岁时，他为钱而打球。 他能听到一段音乐并演奏出来。 现在他在许多国家弹钢琴，但他每天都需要别人帮他穿衣服。

Kim Peek didn't walk until the age of four. All his life he had problems doing things with his hands. And he didn't get high scores on IQ tests. But Kim read books very quickly. He read a lot (more than 12,000 books in his life) and remembered everything in them. In 1984, the movie writer Barry Morrow met Kim. Then he wrote the movie Rain Man. In the movie, Dustin Hoffman is a savant, Raymond Babbit. He can remember things very well, and makes a lot of money playing card games. The movie helped Kim. Thanks to Rain Man, Kim got to meet people. He enjoyed telling them the day of the week they were born and what was in the newspaper that day. Sometimes people change later in life. Dr. Anne Adams was a teacher at a college, but at age 46 she stopped doing her job and started painting pictures every day. Why did she do this? Because something in her brain changed. It wasn't easy for her to speak or to remember things. But at the same time, another part of her brain worked in a new way. Her paintings took the place of words. She spoke through her paintings. Anne died in 2007, but her beautiful paintings are with us today.

Kim Peek直到四岁才会走路。 他一生都有用手做事的问题。 而且他在智商测试中得分也不高。 但是Kim读书非常快。 他读了很多书（一生中读了超过12000本书），并记住了书中的一切。 1984年，电影作家巴里·莫罗见到了金。 然后他写了电影《雨人》。 在电影中，达斯汀·霍夫曼饰演一位学者，雷蒙德·巴比特。 他记性很好，玩纸牌游戏赚了很多钱。 这部电影帮助了Kim。多亏了《雨人》，金认识了很多人。 他喜欢告诉孩子们他们是星期几出生的，以及那天报纸上的新闻。 有时候人在以后的生活中会改变。 安妮·亚当斯博士是一所大学的老师，但在46岁时，她停止了工作，开始每天画画。 她为什么要这么做？因为她的大脑发生了变化。 对她来说，说话和记忆都不容易。 但与此同时，她大脑的另一部分以一种新的方式工作。 她的画代替了文字。 她通过她的画说话。 安妮于2007年去世，但她美丽的画作今天与我们同在。

CHAPTER 4 Child Prodigies YOU CAN BE A PRODIGY IN SCIENCE, MATH, LANGUAGES ALMOST ANYTHING! For part of their summer, some special young people take a course at the Center for Talented Youth (CTY). CTY is like a school for very intelligent young people. It tests children in many parts of the United States. The very intelligent ones come for courses that are three weeks long. These children can understand more than others and they like different things. Maybe they read more difficult books, watch different movies, and like to talk about lots of things. At CTY they can find other children with the same ideas and make friends. They learn that they are not so different, not so unusual. Alma Deutscher, from England, is a prodigy in music. Some people call her the new Mozart. At age two she read music for the piano, and at age three she played the violin. She plays both the violin and piano beautifully. And she started writing music at age six. But is she going to be a really great musician and composer one day? It's possible. Later in their lives, some prodigies are the best in the world. But others don't get better.

你可以成为科学、数学、语言方面的神童，几乎任何方面的神童！一些特殊的年轻人会利用暑假的一部分时间在青年才俊中心（CTY）学习课程。 CTY就像一所非常聪明的年轻人的学校。 它对美国许多地区的儿童进行测试。 非常聪明的学生来参加为期三周的课程。 这些孩子比其他人更能理解，他们喜欢不同的东西。 也许他们读更难的书，看不同的电影，喜欢谈论很多事情。 在CTY，他们可以找到其他有同样想法的孩子，并结交朋友。 他们了解到他们并没有那么不同，没有那么不寻常。 来自英国的阿尔玛·多伊彻是一位音乐神童。 有些人称她为新的莫扎特。 两岁时，她为钢琴读谱，三岁时，她拉小提琴。 她小提琴和钢琴都弹得很好。 她从六岁开始写音乐。 但她将来会成为一名真正伟大的音乐家和作曲家吗？ 这是有可能的。在他们的晚年，一些天才是世界上最好的。 但其他人并没有好转。