8 The Skeletal and Muscular Systems

THE SKELETAL AND MUSCULAR SYSTEMS

骨骼和肌肉系统

DID YOU JUST MOVE? Hello! I'm a bone... And I'm a muscle! Did you know we just helped you open this book? Like all parts of your body, your bones and muscles are made up of tiny cells. These cells group together to make tissues. And these tissues form organs. BONE CELLS MUSCLE CELLS

你刚搬家了吗？你好!我是骨头…… 而且我是肌肉！你知道我们刚帮你打开了这本书吗？ 像你身体的其他部分一样，你的骨骼和肌肉是由微小的细胞组成的。 这些细胞聚集在一起形成组织。 这些组织形成了器官。 骨细胞肌肉细胞

Along with other organs and tissues, all of your bones and muscles form two very important organ systems. SKELETAL MUSCULAR The skeletal system forms a structure that supports and protects the body. The muscular system covers your bones and pulls them around. Without these systems, you wouldn't be able to sit, stand, walk, or even talk. Your body would be no more than a shapeless blob...

与其他器官和组织一起，你所有的骨骼和肌肉组成了两个非常重要的器官系统。 骨骼肌肉骨骼系统形成了支撑和保护身体的结构。 肌肉系统覆盖着你的骨头，并把它们拉来拉去。 没有这些系统，你就不能坐、站、走，甚至不能说话。 你的身体就会变成一团乱糟糟的东西。

THE SKELETON Even though you rarely see them, your bones are the stars of your skeletal system. They are light, but also hard and strong. An adult human has about 206 bones! Your skeleton is also made up of a smooth, rubbery tissue called cartilage. Cartilage keeps bones from rubbing against one another. SKULL CLAVICLE RADILIS LILNA VERTEBRAL COLUMN STERNUM SCAPULA HUMERUS RIBS

即使你很少看到它们，你的骨头是你骨骼系统的明星。 它们很轻，但也很坚硬。 一个成年人大约有206块骨头！你的骨骼也是由一种叫做软骨的光滑的橡胶组织组成的。 软骨防止骨头相互摩擦。 颅骨锁骨、桡骨、脊柱、胸骨、肩胛骨、肱骨、肋骨

Bones are joined to neighboring bones by... ...joints! Most joints are movable, like the joints in your arms and legs, or in your fingers. Ligaments, on the other hand- or foot, for that matter- hold your bones in place. Ligaments are bands of strong and stretchy tissue. Together, bones, ligaments, and cartilage make up your skeleton! PELVIC GIRDLE FEMUR PATELLA TIBIA FIBULA CARPALS METACARPALS PHALANGES

骨头和相邻的骨头通过… …关节!大多数关节都是可活动的，就像你胳膊和腿上的关节，或者你手指上的关节。 另一方面，韧带——或者说是脚——将你的骨头固定在适当的位置。 韧带是一种强壮而有弹性的组织。 骨骼、韧带和软骨共同构成了你的骨骼！骨盆带，股骨，髌骨，胫骨，腓骨，腕骨，掌骨，指骨

The skeleton protects some of the most important inner parts of the body— —like your brain! plop Your brain is surrounded by the bones of your skull. The bones of the skull are joined together to make a strong protective case around the brain. The joints of the skull bones don't move!

骨骼保护着身体内部一些最重要的部位——比如你的大脑！你的大脑被你的头骨包围着。 头骨的骨头连接在一起，在大脑周围形成了一个强大的保护罩。 头盖骨的关节不动！