Materials

MATERIALS

材料

Which material matters most? Everything around you is made of something. Those somethings are called materials. If you are sitting on a chair- what is it made of? It might be wood and foam, or wood and plastic, or plastic and metal, or something else. If you decide to make a chair, you need the RIGHT materials. A chair made of jelly, for example, would be funny... ...and possibly delicious... Is it strawberry? Raspberry, I think. ...but not much use for sitting on. SPLAT! Some materials are more useful than others- but does one matter more than all the rest? Let's ask some and find out. Rubbish chair. Nice jelly, though.

哪种材料最重要？ 你周围的一切都是由某种物质构成的。 这些东西叫做材料。 如果你坐在椅子上——它是什么做的？ 它可能是木头和泡沫，或者木头和塑料，或者塑料和金属，或者其他东西。 如果你决定做一把椅子，你需要合适的材料。 例如，用果冻做的椅子会很有趣。 ．．．而且可能很好吃…… 是草莓味的吗？我想是覆盆子。 ．．．但坐着也没什么用。 长条木板!有些材料比其他材料更有用——但有一种材料比其他材料更重要吗？ 让我们一起来问一下。 垃圾的椅子上。不过果冻不错。

Wood Material from trees I'm glad I'm first, because through history I've been the MOST important material there is. It already makes a perfect chair. I wonder what they'll use this for? Just think- if you cut down a tree, you can do all kinds of things with the wood. Thick, strong pieces of wood can be used to support a house roof. Together we are mighty! Thin squares of wood can be used as a covering for the roof. We're lightweight, and we keep out rain! Wood can be made into lots of other things, of course: A bendy bow. Not THAT bendy. A beautiful surf-craft. Woo-hoo! Even bicycle handlebars, wheels and frames can be made of wood! If I can do all those jobs, I think I MUST be the most important material.

我很高兴我是第一个，因为在历史上，我一直是最重要的材料。 它已经是一张完美的椅子了。 我想知道他们会用这个做什么？ 试想一下，如果你砍倒一棵树，你可以用这些木头做各种各样的事情。 厚而结实的木头可以用来支撑屋顶。 团结起来，我们就是强大的！薄的正方形木头可用作屋顶的覆盖物。 我们很轻，还能挡雨！当然，木材可以制成许多其他东西：弯曲弓。 没有那么弯曲。一艘漂亮的冲浪船。 啊!甚至自行车的车把、轮子和车架都可以用木头做！如果我能做所有这些工作，我想我一定是最重要的材料。

Paper Endlessly useful Yes, my friend wood can do a lot of different jobs- but is it as useful as me? I'm made from plants -mostly trees. This is how... 1 Trees are chopped down. 2 The bark is removed. 3 The wood is chipped 4 The woodchips are mixed with water to make pulp, which is squashed, rolled and dried to make paper. Although I'm usually made from trees, there are lots of things I can do that trees cannot. I can easily be folded, so I'm good for wrapping up things like presents, or groceries. And once they're unwrapped, you can use the paper again- unless it got wet! Of course, being absorbent is actually sometimes useful. I'm also useful for writing on and reading from. Maybe the best thing about me is that after use, I can be recycled to make... more paper!

是的，我的朋友木头可以做很多不同的工作——但是它和我一样有用吗？ 我是由植物制成的——主要是树木。 这就是……1树木被砍倒。 树皮被去除。将木片与水混合制成纸浆，纸浆被压碎、卷成卷、干燥后制成纸。 虽然我通常是用树做的，但我能做很多树做不到的事情。 我可以很容易地折叠起来，所以我很适合包装礼物或杂货。 一旦它们被打开，你可以再次使用包装纸——除非它被弄湿了！当然，吸收性有时是有用的。 在上面写字和看书也很有用。 也许我最好的地方是，在使用后，我可以回收制作… 更多的纸!

Rock Material from the earth Paper is a lightweight! The only time paper is better than ME is in a game of rock-paper-scissors. Let me tell you about all my good qualities. You don't have to make me You just cut me out of the earth. (True: this can be quite hard work.) 1 Scrape away the surface soil. 2 Drill holes in the rock. 3 Either drive wedges into the holes to split off the rock, or use explosives. I can do all kinds of job Flat slate makes good roofs or floors. Soft (for a rock) sandstone makes good walls. Hard, tough granite is good for castle walls, floors and worktops. Rough pumice scrubs dead skin off your feet. There must be a better way to earn a living. Smooth marble makes good sculptures. Don't I look nice? Without me, most buildings would fall down or leak. I OBVIOUSLY matter more than paper!

岩石材料来自地球纸是一种轻量级的！只有在剪刀石头布的游戏中，布比ME更好。 让我告诉你我所有的优点。 你不用逼我你只要把我从地球上切下来。 （没错，这是一项相当艰巨的工作。）1刮去表层土壤。 2在岩石上钻孔。 要么把楔子插进洞里把岩石劈开，要么使用炸药。 我可以做各种各样的工作。石板可以做很好的屋顶或地板。 软砂岩（对于岩石来说）是很好的墙体。 坚硬的花岗岩适合做城堡的墙壁、地板和工作台面。 粗糙的浮石可以磨去脚上的死皮。 一定有更好的谋生方式。 光滑的大理石制成好的雕塑。 我看起来不错吧？没有我，大多数建筑物都会倒塌或漏水。 我显然比纸更重要！

Concrete Rock you can pour I'm as hard as rock (harder than some rocks, actually)- and you can make me fit into any shape you want. 1 Get some cement That is powdery. Cement is a powdery mixture that includes crushed rocks, clay and sand. The concrete dome of the Pantheon in Rome is almost 2,000 years old. How is that possible? Let me explain. 2 Mix Mix it with water, sand and gravel to make a liquid sludge. 3 Pour The liquid will spread out as much as it can in the container, filling all the little spaces. 4 Wait Over time, the liquid will go hard. Then you can see how your concrete has turned out. So, I'm as hard as rock, but you can make me any shape you like. That MUST mean I'm more useful and important.

我像岩石一样坚硬（实际上比某些岩石还要坚硬）——你可以把我做成任何你想要的形状。 拿些水泥，那是粉状的。 水泥是一种粉状混合物，包括碎石、粘土和沙子。 罗马万神殿的混凝土圆顶几乎有2000年的历史。 这怎么可能呢？让我解释一下。 将其与水、沙子和砾石混合，制成液体污泥。 液体会尽可能多地在容器中扩散，填满所有的小空间。 久而久之，液体会变硬。 然后你就能看到混凝土的效果了。 所以，我像石头一样坚硬，但你可以把我做成任何你喜欢的形状。 这一定意味着我更有用，更重要。