4 How Germs Spread

How Germs Spread

细菌如何传播

Too Small to See Think of the smallest thing you can see. What is it? Can you imagine something even smaller? Germs are so itty-bitty that we can't see them with our eyes alone. Yet, they are everywhere around us!

想想你能看到的最小的东西。 这是什么？你能想象更小的东西吗？ 细菌是如此微小，我们无法用肉眼看到它们。 然而，它们在我们身边无处不在！

Meet the Germs Let's meet three main types of germs. Hello, I'm a virus. Stay back, or you might get sick! Howdy! I'm a fungus. Some fungi are small like me, but my mushroom friends are huge! Hello! I'm a bacterium (bak-TEER-ee-uhm). Most of my bacteria friends are good, but some are bad.

让我们来看看三种主要类型的细菌。 你好，我是病毒。退后，不然你会生病的！你好!我是真菌。 有些真菌像我一样小，但我的蘑菇朋友很大！你好!我是细菌（baker - teer -ee-uhm）。 我的大多数细菌朋友是好的，但也有一些是坏的。

All over the Place These little germs are everywhere around us. Some are on top of our desks. Others are on the door handles we touch. Anything you can think of probably has germs on it! Don't worry, though. You can still touch most things. Many of the germs around us are actually harmless. They never cause you problems. You're safe with us!

这些小细菌在我们周围无处不在。 有些在我们的桌子上。 还有一些在我们接触的门把手上。 你能想到的任何东西都可能有细菌！不过别担心。 你仍然可以触摸大多数东西。 我们周围的许多细菌实际上是无害的。 他们从不给你带来麻烦。 你和我们在一起很安全！

Feeling Unwell What about the not-so-good germs? If those icky germs get into our bodies, they can make us feel sick. Germs can make you sneeze or have a runny nose. Some can make your stomach upset. They may even make your skin feel itchy. A rash caused by chicken pox Have you heard of chicken pox? Sorry, one of my virus friends causes that!

感觉不适那些不好的细菌呢？ 如果这些讨厌的细菌进入我们的身体，它们会让我们感到恶心。 细菌会使你打喷嚏或流鼻涕。 有些会让你的胃不舒服。 它们甚至会让你的皮肤发痒。 你听说过水痘吗？ 对不起，是我的一个病毒朋友造成的！

In the Air There are many different ways germs can spread. One way is through the air that we breathe. When we take air into and push it out of our bodies, we also breathe germs in and out. This is because germs can get into the air after we cough or sneeze. One big sneeze can shoot out germs not only from our mouths but also from our noses. Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue before you cough or sneeze.

在空气中细菌可以通过许多不同的方式传播。 一种途径是通过我们呼吸的空气。 当我们把空气吸入和排出我们的身体时，我们也把细菌吸入和呼出。 这是因为细菌会在我们咳嗽或打喷嚏后进入空气中。 一个大喷嚏不仅可以从我们的嘴里，也可以从我们的鼻子里射出细菌。 咳嗽或打喷嚏前用纸巾捂住口鼻。