58 L6-Incredible Energy

Oxford Read and Discover level 6 Incredible Energy by Louise & Richard Spilsbury

牛津阅读和发现6级不可思议的能量路易丝和理查德·斯皮尔伯里

Introduction Energy is incredible because we use it for everything that we do. Energy can make things work, make things move, and make things happen. People use energy to work and to play. When people do things like cook food, listen to music, and use a lamp, they are using heat energy, sound energy, and light energy. What types of energy can you see here? What type of energy makes televisions and computers work? What types of energy do you use every day? Discover! Now read and discover more about incredible energy!

能源是不可思议的，因为我们做任何事情都要用到它。 能量可以使事物运转，使事物运动，使事情发生。 人们使用能量来工作和娱乐。 当人们做诸如做饭、听音乐和使用灯之类的事情时，他们正在使用热能、声能和光能。 你能在这里看到什么类型的能量? 什么类型的能源使电视和电脑工作? 你每天使用什么类型的能源? 发现!现在阅读并发现更多关于不可思议的能量!

Chapter 1 Energy Everywhere Energy is everywhere and energy is in everything. We can't make energy and we can't destroy it. When we use energy to make something happen, we don't lose it. It becomes a different type of energy. Converting Energy One type of energy can be converted into another. For example, when we move, we use energy from the food that we eat. When runners use this energy to run fast in a race, some of it is converted into heat energy. That's why runners look and feel so hot at the end of a race! Discover! When people run, only 25% of the energy in their legs is used to make them move. Most of it is converted into heat energy. Different Types of Energy There are many different types of energy, for example electrical energy and heat energy. Two important types of energy are kinetic energy and potential energy. Kinetic energy is a type of energy that's moving. All things that move have kinetic energy. Wind is moving air. We use the kinetic energy in wind to fly kites and to sail boats. Things that are not moving also have energy. Potential energy is stored energy. It's energy inside something that's waiting to be used. It's energy that has the potential to do work. We have potential energy stored in our bodies. When we run, some of this potential energy is converted into kinetic energy to make our legs move.

第一章能量无处不在能量无处不在，能量存在于万物之中。 我们不能制造能量，也不能摧毁它。 当我们使用能量使某事发生时，我们不会失去它。 它变成了一种不同类型的能量。 一种能量可以转换成另一种能量。 例如，当我们移动时，我们使用我们所吃的食物中的能量。 当跑步者在比赛中使用这种能量跑得快时，其中一些会转化为热能。 这就是为什么跑步者在比赛结束时看起来和感觉都很热!发现!当人们跑步时，腿部只有25%的能量用于运动。 其中大部分转化为热能。 不同类型的能量有许多不同类型的能量，例如电能和热能。 两种重要的能量是动能和势能。 动能是一种运动的能量。 所有运动的东西都有动能。 风是流动的空气。我们利用风的动能来放风筝和航行。 不运动的物体也有能量。 势能是储存的能量。 它是某种东西内部等待被利用的能量。 它是有势能做功的能量。 我们的身体里储存着势能。 当我们跑步时，一些势能转化为动能，使我们的腿运动起来。

How Potential Energy Works When we stretch a rubber band, we give it energy. The energy that we use to stretch the rubber band is stored inside it as potential energy. When we let go of the rubber band, it moves. When we stretch the rubber band more, it has more potential energy, and it can move more. When we jump on a trampoline, this stretches the trampoline springs. This gives the springs potential energy. When the springs can't be stretched any more, this potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. The springs move back, and this throws us up into the air! springs From High to Low Some things have potential energy because they are high up. When we lift a picture off the floor and put it on a wall, some of the energy that we use for lifting goes into the picture. If the picture falls off the wall, that potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. When something is very high up, it has a lot of potential energy. The water at the top of a high waterfall has a lot of potential energy. When it falls, it moves very fast because it has a lot of kinetic energy. Discover! Angel Falls in Venezuela is the highest waterfall in the world. The water falls almost 1 kilometer from top to bottom!

势能是如何工作的当我们拉伸橡皮筋时，我们给它能量。 我们用来拉伸橡皮筋的能量以势能的形式储存在里面。 当我们松开橡皮筋时，它就会动。 当我们把橡皮筋拉得更大，它就有更多的势能，它就能移动得更多。 当我们在蹦床上跳时，蹦床弹簧就会拉伸。 这给了弹簧势能。 当弹簧不能再拉伸时，势能就转化为动能。 弹簧向后移动，把我们抛到空中!从高到低有些东西有势能，因为它们在高处。 当我们把一幅画从地板上举起来挂在墙上时，我们用来举起来的一些能量就进入了这幅画。 如果画从墙上掉下来，势能就转化为动能。 当物体很高的时候，它有很大的势能。 高瀑布顶部的水有很大的势能。 当它下落时，它运动得很快，因为它有很大的动能。 发现!委内瑞拉的安吉尔瀑布是世界上最高的瀑布。 水从上到下几乎下降了一公里!

Chapter 2 Heat Energy We use heat energy for many things. Heat energy makes our homes warm, cooks our food, and makes hot water that we can use for drinking and washing. How We Get Heat Energy We can get heat energy in different ways. Heat energy from the sun makes Earth warm. We can also get heat energy when we burn wood. When things move, some kinetic energy is converted into heat energy. Inside our body we make heat energy to keep us warm. When heat is added to something, its temperature gets higher. When something has a high temperature it's very hot. Things are cold when they have less heat energy. When something is cold, it has a low temperature. Inside Hot Things Everything in the world is made of parts called atonms. Atoms join together to make molecules. Atoms and molecules are so small that we can't see them, but they are inside everything— rocks, water, air, and people. When water is frozen, it becomes solid ice because it has very little heat energy. Molecules in ice are very near each other and they don't move very much. When heat energy is added to something, it makes the molecules inside move more. When heat energy is added to ice, molecules inside it move more. The ice melts and becomes liquid water again. If more heat is added to the water so that it boils, the molecules move so much that the water changes into a gas called steam.

我们用热能做很多事情。 热能使我们的家温暖，烹饪我们的食物，并使我们可以用来饮用和洗涤的热水。 我们如何获得热能我们可以通过不同的方式获得热能。 来自太阳的热能使地球变暖。 当我们燃烧木头时，我们也可以得到热能。 当物体运动时，一些动能转化为热能。 我们体内产生热能来保暖。 当热量加入某物时，它的温度就会升高。 当某物有很高的温度时，它就非常热。 当物体拥有较少的热能时，它们是冷的。 当某物很冷时，它的温度很低。 世界上的一切都是由叫做原子的部分组成的。 原子结合在一起形成分子。 原子和分子很小，我们看不见它们，但它们存在于一切事物中——岩石、水、空气和人。 当水结冰时，它变成固体冰，因为它的热能很少。 冰中的分子彼此靠得很近，它们不怎么移动。 当热量被加到某物上时，它会使里面的分子运动得更多。 当热量加到冰里时，里面的分子运动得更快。 冰融化了，又变成液态水。 如果给水加更多的热量，使水沸腾，水分子就会剧烈运动，水就会变成一种叫做蒸汽的气体。