53 L6-Cells and Microbes

Oxford Read and Discover level 6 Cells And Microbes by Louise & Richard Spilsbury

牛津阅读和发现6级细胞和微生物路易丝和理查德·斯皮尔伯里

introduction What are the smallest living things on Earth? The answer is cells. Some of the biggest living things, like whales, people, or trees, are made of millions of tiny cells! Microbes are living things that usually have just one cell. How do we know about cells? What types of cell do you know? How many cells are there in your body? Discover! Now read and discover more about amazing cells and microbes!

地球上最小的生物是什么? 答案是细胞。一些最大的生物，如鲸鱼、人类或树木，是由数百万个微小的细胞组成的!微生物是一种通常只有一个细胞的生物。 我们是怎么知道细胞的? 你知道什么类型的细胞? 你的身体里有多少细胞? 发现!现在阅读和发现更多神奇的细胞和微生物!

Chapter 1 Discovering Cells Most cells are too small to see, so how do people know that living things are made of cells? No one knew about cells until microscopes were invented. Microscopes magnify tiny things, like cells, to make them look bigger, so that people can see them. Learning About Cells In 1665 a British scientist called Robert Hooke made one of the first microscopes. He used it to look at a thin piece of tree bark called cork. He saw that the cork was made of lots of tiny pieces. These were the cork cells. Today, microscopes can magnify things a million times! Discover! When Robert Hooke saw the pieces inside the cork, he called them 'cells' because they looked like little rooms called cells.

大多数细胞都小得看不见，那么人们怎么知道生物是由细胞组成的呢? 在显微镜发明之前，没有人知道细胞。 显微镜放大微小的东西，比如细胞，使它们看起来更大，这样人们就能看到它们。 1665年，一位名叫罗伯特·胡克的英国科学家制造了第一台显微镜。 他用它来观察一块叫做软木的薄树皮。 他看到软木塞是由许多小块组成的。 这些是软木塞细胞。 今天，显微镜可以把东西放大一百万倍!发现!当罗伯特·胡克看到软木塞里的碎片时，他称它们为“细胞”，因为它们看起来像被称为细胞的小房间。

Living Cells If cells are so small, how do we know if they are living or not? We know a cell is living because it does what other living things do. A cell can get energy from its food and a cell can move. A cell can grow so it can get bigger. A cell can reproduce it can make more cells. Most living things are made of many cells. The simplest living things are made of just one cell. We call them microbes because we can only see them through a microscope. An amoeba is one of the biggest types of microbe, but it's so small that 50 amoebas together are only as big as one grain of rice!

细胞这么小，我们怎么知道它们是不是活的呢? 我们知道一个细胞是有生命的，因为它和其他生物一样。 细胞可以从食物中获取能量，细胞可以移动。 细胞可以生长，所以它可以变大。 一个细胞可以繁殖它可以产生更多的细胞。 大多数生物是由许多细胞组成的。 最简单的生物仅由一个细胞构成。 我们称它们为微生物，因为我们只能通过显微镜看到它们。 变形虫是最大的微生物之一，但它太小了，50只变形虫加起来只有一粒米那么大!