25 L3-Sound And Music

Oxford Read and Discover level 3 Sound And Music by Richard Northcott

牛津阅读和发现三级声音和音乐由理查德·诺斯科特

Introduction Listen to the sounds around you. What can you hear? Can you hear cars? Can you hear people's voices? Maybe you can hear a television, or music on the radio. Look at these pictures. What are these sounds? Do you like these sounds? Which sounds are music? What type of music do you like? Discover! Now read and discover more about sound and music!

倾听你周围的声音。 你能听到什么?你能听到汽车声吗? 你能听到人们的声音吗? 也许你能听到电视的声音，或者收音机里的音乐。 看这些图片。这些声音是什么? 你喜欢这些声音吗?哪些声音是音乐? 你喜欢什么类型的音乐? 发现!现在阅读和发现更多关于声音和音乐!

Chapter 1 How Sound Moves When you speak, sing, or shout, the sound of your voice moves through the air. The sound goes to other people, and they hear it. Sound moves very fast. Discover! Sound moves through air at about 350 meters per second. The sound of a bus moves faster than the bus! How does sound move through the air? The air is made of billions of molecules. The molecules are very small, so you can't see them. Your voice pushes the molecules. The molecules move like waves in the ocean. The movements of the molecules are called sound waves. The sound waves from loud sounds go far. The sound waves from quiet sounds don't go far.

当你说话、唱歌或喊叫时，你的声音会在空气中传播。 声音传到其他人那里，他们听到了。 声音传播得很快。发现!声音以每秒350米的速度在空气中传播。 公共汽车的声音比公共汽车移动得快!声音是如何在空气中传播的? 空气是由数十亿个分子组成的。 分子非常小，所以你看不见它们。 你的声音推动分子。 这些分子像海洋中的波浪一样运动。 分子的运动称为声波。 响亮的声音发出的声波传得很远。 安静的声音发出的声波不会传播很远。

Chapter 2 Low Sounds, High Sounds Some sounds are low and some sounds are high. We can hear low sounds and high sounds everywhere. A plane makes a low sound, but when birds sing, they make a high sound. Think about the strings of a guitar. The thin strings make a high sound and the thick strings make a low sound. The thin guitar strings vibrate fast. You can't see them move. The thick strings vibrate slowly. These different types of vibration are called frequency. The sound of the thin strings has a high frequency. The sound of the thick strings has a low frequency. A baby's cry makes a high sound and it has a high frequency. A truck makes a low sound and it has a low frequency. A baby's cry is made of lots of thin sound waves. The sound waves from a truck are thicker.

第二章低音，高音有些声音低，有些声音高。 我们到处都能听到低沉的声音和高昂的声音。 飞机发出低沉的声音，但是当鸟唱歌时，它们发出很高的声音。 想想吉他的弦。 细弦发出高的声音，粗弦发出低的声音。 细细的吉他弦振动得很快。 你看不到他们移动。粗弦缓慢地振动。 这些不同类型的振动被称为频率。 细弦发出的声音频率很高。 粗弦发出的声音频率低。 婴儿的哭声声音很大，而且频率很高。 卡车发出的声音很低，而且频率很低。 婴儿的哭声是由许多细声波组成的。 卡车发出的声波更厚。

Chapter 3 Your Voice Everyone's voice is different. A man's voice is usually lower than a woman's voice. Put your hand on the front of your throat and say something. When you speak, your throat vibrates. In your throat, you have vocal cords. When you speak, air from your lungs goes between your vocal cords, and your vocal cords vibrate. When you sing, you use your mouth, your throat, and your chest. You make your vocal cords shorter or longer, so that you can sing high notes or low notes. Singers can learn how to use their body, so that they can sing better. Some singers have teachers who help them. Discover! Some people in Siberia can sing two notes at the same time. They are called throat-singers.

每个人的声音都不一样。 男人的声音通常比女人的声音低。 把你的手放在喉咙前面，说点什么。 当你说话时，你的喉咙会颤抖。 在你的喉咙里有声带。 当你说话时，肺部的空气在声带之间流动，声带就会振动。 当你唱歌的时候，你要用你的嘴，你的喉咙和你的胸部。 你使你的声带变短或变长，这样你就可以唱高音或低音。 歌手可以学习如何使用他们的身体，这样他们就可以唱得更好。 有些歌手有老师帮助他们。 发现!西伯利亚的一些人可以同时唱两个音符。 他们被称为喉音歌手。