22 L3-How We Make Products

Oxford Read and Discover level 3 How We make Products by Alex Raynham

牛津阅读和发现三级我们如何制造产品由亚历克斯·雷纳姆

Introduction Products are things that we make and use, like clothes, chocolate, computers, and homes. People make lots of products with big machines in factories. People also make products by hand. What products can you see here? What products do you use every day? How do we make these products? Discover! Now read and discover more about how we make different products!

产品是我们制造和使用的东西，比如衣服、巧克力、电脑和房子。 人们在工厂里用大机器生产很多产品。 人们也用手工制作产品。 你在这里能看到什么产品? 你每天都用什么产品? 我们是如何生产这些产品的? 发现!现在阅读和发现更多关于我们如何制造不同的产品!

Chapter 1 Making Products by Hand About 200 years ago, there weren't many factories or machines, and people made many products by hand. Today, some people still make products by hand. They use tools to make products like chairs, clocks, jewelry, and musical instruments. It takes years to learn how to make these things. People make guitars from wood. They cut thin pieces of wood to make the front and back of the guitar. To make the sides, they put long, thin pieces of wood in water. Then they use hot tools to make the wood the right shape for the sides. They fix these pieces together with glue. Later, they make the neck of the guitar, and they put the strings on it.

大约200年前，没有那么多的工厂和机器，人们用手工制造了许多产品。 今天，有些人仍然手工制作产品。 他们用工具制造椅子、钟表、珠宝和乐器等产品。 学习如何制作这些东西需要几年的时间。 人们用木头做吉他。 他们切割薄木片来制作吉他的正面和背面。 为了做侧面，他们把又长又薄的木头放在水里。 然后他们用热的工具把木头做成合适的形状。 他们用胶水把这些碎片粘在一起。 之后，他们制作吉他的琴颈，并在上面放上琴弦。

Chapter 2 Clothes We make clothes from lots of different materials like wool and cotton. To make jeans, people use cotton fabric. They cut the fabric into different shapes for pieces of the jeans, like the legs and pockets. They use a sewing machine to sew these pieces together. Then they sew buttons and a zipper on the front of the jeans. People use wool to make clothes like hats or sweaters. At home, some people use wool and knitting needles to knit clothes. They knit different pieces of the clothes, like the arms, the front, and the back. Then they sew the pieces together. In factories, people use knitting machines to knit clothes. Discover! People don't only knit clothes. Lauren Porter knitted this amazing Ferrari with 19 kilometers of wool!

我们用很多不同的材料做衣服，比如羊毛和棉花。 人们用棉布做牛仔裤。 他们将布料切割成不同形状的牛仔裤，比如裤腿和口袋。 他们用缝纫机把这些碎片缝在一起。 然后他们把纽扣和拉链缝在牛仔裤的前面。 人们用羊毛做衣服，比如帽子或毛衣。 在家里，有些人用羊毛和编织针编织衣服。 他们编织衣服的不同部分，比如手臂、前襟和后襟。 然后他们把碎片缝在一起。 在工厂里，人们用针织机编织衣服。 发现!人们不仅织衣服。 劳伦·波特用19公里长的羊毛编织了这辆神奇的法拉利!

Chapter 3 Plastic Products We make a lot of products from plastic, like bottles and toys. To make a plastic product, machines put hot plastic in a mold. Then the plastic is the same shape as the mold. To make some products like bottles, machines also blow air into the molds. To make a new plastic product like a toy, people draw it and then make a model of it. In a factory, people use the model to make a mold for each part of the toy. Machines put hot plastic in the molds to make plastic parts. People or machines fix the parts together, and they paint the toys. Then the toys go to stores. Discover! It's good to recycle plastic. We can make new things from plastic waste.

我们用塑料制造很多产品，比如瓶子和玩具。 为了制造塑料产品，机器将热塑料放入模具中。 然后塑料和模具的形状是一样的。 为了制造瓶子之类的产品，机器还会向模具中吹气。 为了制造一种新的塑料产品，比如玩具，人们先把它画出来，然后做一个模型。 在工厂里，人们用模型为玩具的每个部分制作模具。 机器把热塑料放进模具来制造塑料零件。 人们或机器把零件组装在一起，然后给玩具上漆。 然后玩具去商店。 发现!回收塑料是件好事。 我们可以用塑料垃圾制造新东西。