5 Nature's Patterns

World Book's Learning Ladders Nature's Patterns

世界之书的学习阶梯，大自然的模式

Day and night There are many patterns in nature that we can see every day. We can see the pattern of day and night. During the day, the sun moves through the sky. When the sun sets, the day ends and night begins. Earth travels around the sun. As it does so, it spins like a top. This spinning is what causes day and night. It's a fact! Between September and March, it is nearly always daytime at the South Pole. At sunrise, the sun rises into the sky.

白天和黑夜我们每天都能看到自然界的许多模式。 我们可以看到白天和黑夜的规律。 白天，太阳在天空中运行。 太阳落山时，白天结束，黑夜开始。 地球绕太阳转。 当它这样做时，它会像陀螺一样旋转。 这种旋转产生了白天和黑夜。 这是事实!从9月到3月，南极几乎都是白天。 日出时，太阳升上天空。

At midday, the sun is at its highest point in the sky. People cast shadows in sunlight. The shadows move just like the people. At sunset, the sun seems to disappear beneath the ground. Daylight has ended. On cloudy days, the sun is hidden above the clouds. Cloudy days are often cooler because sunlight bounces off the clouds and goes back into space.

正午时分，太阳处于天空的最高点。 人们在阳光下投下阴影。 影子就像人一样移动。 日落时，太阳似乎消失在地下。 白昼已经结束。在阴天，太阳隐藏在云层之上。 阴天通常比较凉爽，因为阳光被云层反射回太空。

The moon The moon is the brightest object in the night sky. It is a huge rock that travels around Earth. Because of this movement, the moon seems to change shape over time. These changing shapes are called the moon's phases. It's a fact! If you walked on the moon, you would weigh only about 1/6 as much as you do on Earth. You could jump really high! When the moon is completely dark, it is called a new moon. A crescent moon can be seen a few days after a new moon. As the moon becomes more and more full, it is said to be waxing.

月亮是夜空中最亮的物体。 它是一颗围绕地球运行的巨大岩石。 由于这种运动，月球似乎会随着时间的推移而改变形状。 这些变化的形状被称为月相。 这是事实!如果你在月球上行走，你的体重大约只有你在地球上的1/6。 你可以跳得很高!当月亮完全变黑时，叫做新月。 新月后几天可以看到新月。 当月亮变得越来越圆的时候，人们就说它是在打蜡。

When the moon is completely full, it is called a full moon. A full moon comes about 14 days after a new moon. As the moon becomes less and less full, it is said to be waning. The moon continues to disappear. Soon the moon will be dark again. The moon is extremely hot during the day and very cold at night. Astronauts wear space suits that protect them from the heat and the cold.

当月亮完全圆的时候，它被称为满月。 满月大约在新月之后14天出现。 当月亮变得越来越不圆的时候，人们就说它是在亏月。 月亮继续消失。 很快，月亮又要变黑了。 月亮白天非常热，晚上非常冷。 宇航员穿着宇航服，以保护他们免受高温和寒冷。