02 Castles

Castles

城堡

High on a hill The ruins of a huge stone castle stand on a hill Hundreds of years ago, this castle was full of people. Some castles were built on cliffs, so they had a good view out to sea.

一座巨大的石头城堡的废墟矗立在山上几百年前，这座城堡住满了人。 有些城堡建在悬崖上，因此可以很好地看到大海。

A huge home Castles were built for rich people such as lords and ladies or kings and queens. Servants worked and lived in the castle grounds. Soldiers guarded the castle gate.

城堡是为贵族、贵妇、国王和王后等富人建造的。 仆人们在城堡的庭院里工作和生活。 士兵守卫着城堡的大门。

The castle's main tower is called a keep. A thick wall was built to keep enemies out. Rich people had two or three castles. If they were tired of one, they moved to another.

城堡的主塔被称为堡垒。 建造了一堵厚厚的墙以防止敌人进入。 富人有两三个城堡。 如果他们厌倦了一个，他们就会搬到另一个。

Types of castles Some castles were made of wood. The keep was built on a high mound of earth. Keep Other castles were made of stone. They had strong towers and thick walls. Building a castle sometimes took more than 20 years.

城堡的类型有些城堡是用木头建造的。 城堡建在一个高高的土丘上。 其他城堡都是用石头建造的。 他们有坚固的塔楼和厚实的城墙。 建造一座城堡有时需要20多年的时间。

Some castles had water around them. This is called a moat. The moat helped to keep out enemies. People crossed the moat on a wooden platform called a drawbridge. The drawbridge was pulled up with chains if an enemy came near.

有些城堡周围有水。 这叫做护城河。护城河有助于阻挡敌人。 人们在一个叫做吊桥的木制平台上越过护城河。 如果敌人靠近，吊桥就用铁链拉起来。