What Happens to a Hamburger

What Happens to a Hamburger

食物的旅行

I like to eat. I like bread and pears and celery. I like carrots and chicken and french fries and hamburgers. I like juice and milk. What do you like?

我喜欢吃东西。 我喜欢面包、梨和芹菜。我喜欢胡萝卜、鸡肉、炸薯条和汉堡包。我喜欢果汁和牛奶。 你喜欢什么呢?

Good food makes you strong and healthy. It gives you energy and helps you grow. Your body uses food in different ways. It uses some kinds of food to make strong bones and hard teeth. It turns other food into solid muscles. It uses some of the food you eat to keep warm. Before your body can do these things, it has to change the food. Solid foods like hamburgers and french fries have to be changed into liquids, Liquids like milk and juice have to be changed, too. When you change the food you eat, you are digesting it.

有营养的食物能让你健康强壮,带给你能量,帮助你成长。 你的身体能通过各种不同的方式来吸收食物的营养,有些能强壮骨骼,坚固牙齿:有些能促进肌肉生长:有些能帮助身体保暖，你的身体在吸收营养之前,必须先将食物转化。汉堡包、炸薯条一类的固体食物必须转化为液体，牛奶、果汁一类的液体食物也必须转化。 转化食物的过程，就是消化。

Put two cubes of sugar into an empty glass. Take a wooden spoon and pound the lumps with the handle. Pound them until they are broken up into powder. Now pour some water into the glass and stir, Keep stirring until the sugar powder has disappeared. Take a sip of the water, Can you taste the sugar? The sugar has disappeared, but it is still there. It has broken up into millions of tiny pieces. Your eye cannot see them, but your tongue can taste them.

在一个空玻璃杯中放入两块方糖。拿木勺的勺柄将方糖捣碎,直到变成糖粉为止。接着，加入一些水并进行搅拌，直到糖粉全部溶入水中看不见为止。 抿一小口水,你尝到甜味了吗?虽然糖不见了,但它仍在杯子里,只不过分解成了数不清的微小颗粒。你的眼睛看不到它们，舌头却能尝得到。

When you digest your food, you break it up into millions of very tiny pieces. You start to do this as soon as you take a bite to eat. Digestion begins in your mouth when you chew. You break up the food with your teeth. Get a piece of raw carrot and a plate. Take a bite of carrot and chew it ten times. Spit the carrot out onto one side of the plate. Take another bite. Chew it thirty times. Spit out that mouthful on the other side of the plate. Can you see the difference? The longer you chew food, the smaller the pieces will be.

消化食物时,你要将它们分解长数不清的微小碎片。食物消化过程是从咀嚼开始的。你用牙齿将食物嚼碎. 拿一根生胡萝卜和一个盘子。咬一口胡萝卜,咀嚼十次,将胡萝卜吐到盘子的一边。再咬一口，咀嚼三十次，吐到盘子的另一边。你看到有什么不同吗?咀嚼的时间越长，食物就变得越碎。

Something else helps to break up the food in your mouth. It is a fluid. Many people call it spit, Its scientific name is saliva. Whenever you take a bite of food, saliva pours into your mouth. You say your mouth is watering. Saliva comes from small glands in your cheeks and under your tongue. Sometimes saliva pours into your mouth even before you take a bite. The smell of food will start it. Take a good sniff of a brownie. Sniff an open jar of pickles. Now sniff a slice of pizza. What other kinds of food make your mouth water?

口腔里还有一种东西能帮你分解食物。它是一种液体,人们通常称它为唾沫,科学名称叫做唾液。 每当你咬一口食物,口腔里就会分泌出唾液,你会感到你流口水了。在你的脸颊里边和舌头下面，有一些小小的腺体。唾液就是从这些腺体里分泌出来的有时候你还没咬食物,就流出了唾液。这是由食物散发出来的味道引起的。好好闻一闻巧克力蛋糕，闻一闻开罐的泡菜，再闻一闻比萨饼。还有哪些食物能让你流口水呢 ?