65 Force and Motion-Low

Force and Motion Written by Ron Fridell

力与运动Ron Fridell著

Introduction The words above tell about motion. They describe different ways things move. Motion is all around you. There is even motion inside you Your blood is moving right now. For every motion, there is a force. In this book, you will learn about motion and the forces that make things move.

上面的单词是关于运动的。 它们描述了事物移动的不同方式。 运动就在你周围。你体内甚至还有运动你的血液在流动。 对于每个运动，都有一个力。 在这本书中，你将了解运动和使物体运动的力。

Motion Needs a Force You need a force to move something. Lifting, pushing, and pulling are all forces. Where do forces come from? Sometimes the force comes from a person. When you lift your books, you are the force. If you push a car, you are the force. If you pull a rope to play tug-of-war, you are the force.

运动需要力你需要一个力来移动某物。 提、推、拉都是力。 力从何而来? 有时这种力量来自于一个人。 当你提起书的时候，你就是力。 如果你推一辆车，你就是动力。 如果你拉一根绳子去玩拔河，你就是力量。

Machines can be a force. A huge engine can push a rocket into space. A small electric motor can turn the blades of a fan or power a toy car. Nature is also a force. Breezes make leaves shake in the treetops. Ocean waves make boats bob in the water. Earthquakes shake the ground.

机器可以是一种力量。一个巨大的发动机可以把火箭推进太空。 一个小型电动机可以转动风扇叶片或为玩具汽车提供动力。 自然也是一种力量。微风吹得树叶在树梢上摇晃。 海浪使船只在水中颠簸。 地震震动地面。

The Laws of Motion Scientists have done tests on motion for hundreds of years. British scientist Isaac Newton discovered the force we call gravity. You cannot see gravity. But it causes things to fall toward the ground. Some people think that Newton discovered gravity when a falling apple hit him on the head. That's not true. But Newton did notice that things always fell down toward the ground. He would watch closely and make notes. That is how he discovered gravity. SIR LSSAC NEWTON (1642-1727) Isaac Newton lived on a farm in England. Instead of farming, he chose to study math and science. He made many important discoveries. At age 27, Newton did tests on light. He was the first person to state that light was made up of all the colors of the rainbow. He is now one of the most famous scientists of all time!

运动定律科学家们对运动进行了数百年的测试。 英国科学家艾萨克·牛顿发现了我们称之为重力的力。 你看不到重力。但它会使物体落向地面。 有些人认为牛顿发现万有引力是因为一个掉落的苹果砸到了他的头。 这不是真的。但是牛顿注意到物体总是朝地面下落。 他会仔细观察并做笔记。 这就是他如何发现引力的。 艾萨克·牛顿爵士(1642-1727)住在英国的一个农场里。 他没有选择务农，而是选择学习数学和科学。 他有许多重要的发现。 27岁时，牛顿做了光的测试。 他是第一个提出光是由彩虹的所有颜色组成的人。 他现在是有史以来最著名的科学家之一!

Newton's First Law of Motion Isaac Newton is known for his three laws of motion. These laws explain how things move. The first law has two parts. Part one says that an object at rest will not move unless a force moves it. For example, your bike will stay parked until something moves it. Part two says that an object will keep moving in the same way unless a new force changes how it moves. It will keep moving at the same speed and in the same direction. If you pedal your bike faster or turn, your bike will change speed or direction. If you brake it will stop. Word Wise A law is a rule that people must follow. But in science, law has another meaning. A law explains how things in the world always work.

牛顿第一运动定律艾萨克·牛顿以他的三大运动定律而闻名。 这些定律解释了事物如何运动。 第一定律有两部分。 第一部分说，静止的物体不会移动，除非有一个力使它移动。 例如，你的自行车会一直停在原地，直到有东西移动它。 第二部分说，一个物体将继续以相同的方式运动，除非有新的力改变它的运动方式。 它会以相同的速度和方向移动。 如果你踩自行车的速度加快或转弯，你的自行车就会改变速度或方向。 如果你刹车，它就会停下来。 法律是人们必须遵守的规则。 但在科学中，法律有另一层含义。 定律解释了世界上事物是如何运行的。