20 Hydroponics-Low

Hydroponics FOCUS Question How can plants grow without soil?

水培法焦点问题植物如何在没有土壤的情况下生长?

No Soil? Plants only grow in soil, right? Wrong! People can grow plants without soil using a method called hydroponics. Plants need energy to make food and grow. They use energy from the Sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugar. The sugar is the plants' food. This process is called photosynthesis. Plants also need nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, to help them grow. Plants get carbon dioxide from the air. They normally absorb water and nutrients from the soil. In hydroponics, a nutrient solution—made of nutrients dissolved in water—contacts the plant's roots directly. No soil required! Word Wise Hydroponics comes from the Greek words hydro, meaning "water," and ponos. meaning "work."

没有土壤?植物只生长在土壤里，对吗? 错了!人们可以用一种叫做水培法的方法在没有土壤的情况下种植植物。 植物需要能量来制造食物和生长。 它们利用来自太阳的能量将二氧化碳和水转化为氧气和糖。 糖是植物的食物。 这个过程叫做光合作用。 植物也需要营养物质，比如氮、磷和钾，来帮助它们生长。 植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳。 它们通常从土壤中吸收水分和养分。 在水培法中，营养液(由溶解在水中的营养物制成)直接与植物的根接触。 不需要土壤!水培法来自希腊单词hydro，意思是“水”，和ponos。 意思是“工作”。

Growing Fruits and Veggies Fruits and vegetables are tasty. They are also good for us. They contain many nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats vitamins, and minerals, that our bodies need to survive. Hydroponics is used to grow many different fruits and vegetables. Some hydroponic techniques use a material called a grow medium to support the plants. With or without a medium, the water and nutrients go directly to the plants' roots. The plants grow to be strong and healthy. In fact, plants grown without soil are just as tasty and nutritious as those grown with it. HEALTH BENEFITS OF CERTAIN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES Fruit/Vegetable Vitamins and Minerals Health Benefits cucumbers vitamin B, vitamin C, folic acid, iron, potassium, calcium, zinc, magnesium helps get rid of cholesterol lettuce vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin K, iron calcium, magnesium, potassium supports the immune system strawberries vitamin C, vitamin B9, potassium, manganese helps lower cholesterol and blood pressure tomatoes vitamin A, vitamin C, folic acid helps protect the heart

种植水果和蔬菜水果和蔬菜很美味。 它们对我们也有好处。 它们含有许多我们身体生存所需的营养物质，如碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素和矿物质。 水培法用于种植许多不同的水果和蔬菜。 一些水培技术使用一种称为生长介质的材料来支持植物。 不管有没有介质，水和养分都会直接进入植物的根部。 植物长得又壮又健康。 事实上，没有土壤生长的植物和有土壤生长的植物一样美味和有营养。 某些水果和蔬菜的健康益处水果/蔬菜维生素和矿物质健康益处黄瓜维生素B、维生素C、叶酸、铁、钾、钙、锌、镁有助于消除胆固醇生菜维生素A、维生素C、维生素K、铁钙、镁、钾支持免疫系统草莓维生素C、维生素B9、钾、锰有助于降低胆固醇和血压西红柿维生素A、维生素C、叶酸有助于保护心脏

Hydroponic Techniques There are different hydroponic techniques, but they all have the same goal—to get nutrients and water to a plant's roots. Imagine visiting a humid rainforest— there's so much moisture in the air! Aeroponics uses a similar idea. Plant roots that hang in the air are misted with water and nutrients. In the nutrient film technique, plants are placed in a tilted plastic tray. A nutrient solution continuously flows across the tips of the plant roots. The force of gravity causes the solution to flow downward. The solution is then pumped back to the top, and the process continues.

水培技术有很多种，但它们的目标都是一样的——将营养物质和水分输送到植物的根部。 想象一下参观潮湿的雨林——空气中有很多水分!气培技术也采用了类似的方法。 悬挂在空中的植物根被水和养分所覆盖。 在营养膜技术中，植物被放置在倾斜的塑料托盘中。 营养液不断地流过植物的根尖。 重力使溶液向下流动。 然后将溶液泵回顶部，继续这一过程。

In the deep water culture technique, plant roots sit in a pool, or reservoir, of nutrient solution. But plant roots also need oxygen to live. Oxygen is added to the nutrient solution using an air pump. The hydroponic wick system is the easiest way to grow plants without soil. It does not require pumps or electricity. A wicking material, such as cotton or nylon, sits in the nutrient solution. The plants sit nearby in a grow medium. The wicking material absorbs the nutrient solution and transports it to the plant roots.

在深水培养技术中，植物的根被放置在一个营养液池或水库中。 但是植物的根也需要氧气来维持生命。 用气泵向营养液中添加氧气。 水培灯芯系统是种植植物最简单的方法，没有土壤。 它不需要泵或电。 一种吸汗材料，如棉花或尼龙，位于营养液中。 这些植物放在附近的生长介质中。 吸芯材料吸收营养液并将其输送到植物根部。

In drip hydroponics, the nutrient solution is pumped to each plant through small tubes called drip lines. The solution drips slowly into the grow medium to give the plants the nutrients they need. The flood and drain technique is the only hydroponic technique in which plants are completely dry for a short period of time. Plants are placed in a tray A pump fills the tray. almost to the top with nutrient solution. Then the tray is allowed to drain completely. This happens a few times each day.

在滴灌水培法中，营养液通过称为滴灌管的小管泵到每株植物。 溶液慢慢滴入生长介质，为植物提供所需的营养物质。 水培技术是唯一一种在短时间内使植物完全干燥的水培技术。 植物被放置在托盘中，一个泵充满托盘。 几乎都是营养液。 然后让托盘完全排干。 这种情况每天都会发生几次。