102 Electrical Safety-Mid

Electrical Safety FOCUS Question How can people stay safe around electricity?

电力安全焦点问题人们如何在电力周围保持安全?

Electrifying Electricity is all around you. It buzzes through power lines high above your head. It flows through wires in the walls of your home. It powers appliances and your TV. Electricity is a type of energy. It forms when electrons move through matter. Electrons are tiny, negatively charged particles in atoms. The electrons jump from atom to atom. As they move, an electric current forms that can travel from place to place. This current has the power to make things move, heat things up, and light up the night. Unfortunately, electricity can be hazardous, too. If too much electricity moves through a person's body, it can be deadly.

电无处不在。 它在你头顶上方的电线上嗡嗡作响。 它通过你家墙上的电线流动。 它为家电和电视供电。 电是一种能源。 当电子穿过物质时，它就形成了。 电子是原子中微小的带负电荷的粒子。 电子从一个原子跳到另一个原子。 当它们移动时，就会形成电流，电流可以从一个地方传播到另一个地方。 这种电流有力量使物体移动，使物体升温，照亮夜晚。 不幸的是，电也有危险。 如果过多的电流通过人体，可能会致命。

Effects on Humans A conductor is any kind of matter through which electricity can easily travel. Metals, such as copper and silver, are good conductors. The electrons in metals can move easily from atom to atom to create an electric current. The human body is also a good conductor. That means electricity can easily flow through you. When you plug something into an outlet, the electricity flows through the metal wire in the cord. If you come in contact with electricity, the current will move through your body. The flowing charges could cause major damage along the way.

对人类的影响导体是任何一种能使电容易通过的物质。 铜和银等金属是良导体。 金属中的电子可以很容易地从一个原子移动到另一个原子，从而产生电流。 人体也是一个很好的导体。 这意味着电流可以很容易地从你身上流过。 当你把东西插入插座时，电流通过电线中的金属线流动。 如果你接触到电，电流就会流过你的身体。 流动的电荷可能会在沿途造成重大破坏。

Avoid Power Lines Power lines carry electricity from power plants to our homes. To go the distance, electricity flowing through power lines must be high voltage. Voltage is the force that "pushes" electric current through power lines. High-voltage electricity is very dangerous and often deadly. A greater voltage means that more amperes, or amps, of current are flowing through the lines. Most power lines are high above the ground on poles or towers. If you fly a kite or climb a tree, be sure to look up first and keep far away from power lines. And if you ever see a power line that has fallen to the ground, stay far away and tell an adult! A downed power line may look harmless, but it is very dangerous.

电线将电力从发电厂输送到我们的家中。 要走这么远的距离，通过电线的电流必须是高压的。 电压是推动电流通过电力线的力。 高压电力非常危险，往往是致命的。 电压越大，导线中流过的电流就越大。 大多数电力线都架设在离地很高的杆子或杆塔上。 如果你放风筝或爬树，一定要先抬头，远离电线。 如果你看到电线掉到地上，离远点，告诉大人!倒下的电线可能看起来无害，但实际上非常危险。

Transformer Trouble Electrical substations are also part of the system that brings electricity to your home. They transfer high- voltage electricity from one set of power lines to another. Substations are very dangerous. Never climb the fence around them. If you lose a ball over the fence, call the power company to help you get it back. Substations also include transformers. These steel machines sit on concrete pads. Their job is to lower the voltage of electricity flowing through power lines. The voltage is lowered before it heads into homes or other buildings. The electricity within a transformer is powerful and hazardous. Stay clear of transformers!

变压器故障变电站也是将电力输送到你家的系统的一部分。 它们将高压电力从一组输电线传输到另一组输电线。 变电站非常危险。 永远不要爬上他们周围的栅栏。 如果你把球丢过了栅栏，打电话给电力公司，让他们帮你把球拿回来。 变电站还包括变压器。 这些钢机器安装在混凝土垫上。 他们的工作是降低通过电力线的电压。 电压在进入家庭或其他建筑物之前被降低。 变压器里的电是强大而危险的。 远离变压器!

Quick Home-Safety Tips While it's important to stay safe outdoors, most accidents with electricity happen at home. It's important to be careful around all electricity Here are some tips: Locate all the electrical outlets in your home. Make sure that nothing except a plug is touching them. Keep bedding and curtains away from outlets. Never put anything other than a plug into an outlet If you have younger brothers or sisters, talk to your parents about covering any unused outlets. with plastic safety plugs. Never leave liquids, such as juice or water, near computers, radios, or televisions. If they spill, you could get a shock and your machine might get fried. When a lightbulb goes out, ask an adult to change it— even if you can reach it yourself. Touching the socket can give you an electric shock. Never stick anything inside a plugged-in toaster, even if the bread is stuck. The coils inside could give you a terrible shock Always unplug it first.

快速的家庭安全提示虽然在户外保持安全很重要，但大多数与电有关的事故都发生在家里。 这里有一些建议:找到家里所有的电源插座。 确保除了插头外没有其他东西接触它们。 床上用品和窗帘要远离插座。 如果你有弟弟或妹妹，请告诉你的父母把没有使用的插座盖上。 带塑料安全插头。 不要把果汁或水等液体放在电脑、收音机或电视附近。 如果它们溢出，你可能会受到电击，你的机器可能会被炸。 当灯泡坏了，即使你自己能够到灯泡，也要找个大人帮你换。 触摸插座会触电。 不要把任何东西塞进插入的烤面包机里，即使面包卡住了。 里面的线圈会给你一个可怕的电击一定要先拔掉插头。