86 Heat Energy-Mid

Heat Energy Written by Felicia Brown

Felicia Brown著

Introduction Have you ever stood next to a campfire? Have you ever watched soup boil or ice melt? If so, you have felt or seen heat energy at work! There are many kinds of energy, such as sound energy and electrical energy. But it is heat energy that we see and feel the most. We use it to cook our food, heat our houses, and run our cars. In this book, you will learn where heat energy comes from, how it is used, how it moves, and more.

你曾经站在篝火旁吗? 你见过汤煮沸或冰融化吗? 如果是这样，你已经感觉到或看到热能在工作!能量有很多种，如声能和电能。 但我们看到和感受到最多的是热能。 我们用它来做饭、取暖、开车。 在这本书中，你将了解到热能从何而来，如何使用，如何移动等等。

Sources of Heat Energy Have you ever wondered about all the ways we get heat energy? One easy way to make heat is with friction, or the rubbing together of two objects. Rub your hands together very fast. Can you feel the heat? Rough objects often make more friction than smooth objects, and more friction makes more heat!

热能的来源你有没有想过我们获得热能的所有方式? 产生热量的一种简单方法是摩擦，即两个物体相互摩擦。 快速地搓你的手。 你能感觉到热吗?粗糙的物体通常比光滑的物体产生更多的摩擦，而更多的摩擦产生更多的热量!

Burning fuel is another way we make heat. When fuels such as coal, gasoline, and wood burn, they make heat energy. Heat from burning gasoline is used to make cars and trucks run. Electricity is another way we get heat energy. Electric furnaces heat homes and schools. Toasters, irons, and hair dryers are just a few other things that use electricity to make heat.

燃烧燃料是我们产生热量的另一种方式。 当煤、汽油和木材等燃料燃烧时，它们会产生热能。 汽油燃烧产生的热量被用来驱动汽车和卡车。 电是我们获得热能的另一种方式。 电炉为家庭和学校供暖。 烤面包机、熨斗和吹风机只是其他一些用电来发热的东西。

Heat energy comes from natural sources, too. Lightning is a natural source of heat that makes air spread out very fast, causing thunder. And did you know that Earth has its own heat buried deep underground, called geothermal heat? It's so hot under Earth's crust that rocks melt. Sometimes the molten rock comes out at the surface through a volcano. In other places, the molten rock comes close to the surface but doesn't come out. This melted, underground rock can heat water trapped in the ground. The water later shoots out of the ground as a geyser.

热能也来自自然资源。 闪电是一种自然的热源，它能使空气迅速扩散，从而引起雷声。 你知道地球有自己的热量埋藏在地下深处，叫做地热吗? 地壳下面太热了，岩石都融化了。 有时熔岩从地表通过火山喷发出来。 在其他地方，熔岩接近地表但不会出来。 这些融化的地下岩石可以加热地下的水。 水随后从地下喷出，形成间歇泉。

The Sun is our most important source of energy. Have you ever stepped from the shade into sunlight and felt warmer? You may think that heat comes straight from the Sun to Earth, but it doesn't. Sunlight is radiant energy. Radiant energy travels to Earth in waves of tiny particles. When sunlight hits your skin, it changes to heat. Your microwave oven uses another kind of radiant energy to cook your food.

太阳是我们最重要的能源。 你是否曾经从阴凉处走到阳光下，感到更温暖? 你可能认为热量是直接从太阳传到地球的，但事实并非如此。 阳光是辐射能。 辐射能以微小粒子波的形式传播到地球。 当阳光照射到你的皮肤时，它会变成热量。 你的微波炉使用另一种辐射能来烹饪食物。