23 Pollinators-Mid

Pollinators FOCUS Question How do plants attract pollinators?

植物如何吸引传粉者?

What Is Pollination? Imagine a bee flying through a garden. It sees a flower. The bee lands to drink some sweet juice, or nectar. As it steps around the flower, sticky stuff gets on its legs and body. The bee flies to another flower to get more nectar. Some of the stuff on its feet attaches to this flower. This is the start of a new plant. The busy bee may fly all around the garden, picking up this "stuff" and bringing it to other flowers. It may not know it, but the bee is helping plants make more plants.

什么是授粉?想象一只蜜蜂飞过花园。 它看到了一朵花。蜜蜂落在地上喝一些甜汁或花蜜。 当它绕着花走的时候，黏糊糊的东西就会沾到它的腿和身上。 蜜蜂飞到另一朵花上采蜜。 它脚上的一些东西附着在这朵花上。 这是一个新工厂的开始。 忙碌的蜜蜂可能会在花园里飞来飞去，捡起这些“东西”，并把它带给其他花。 它可能不知道，但蜜蜂正在帮助植物种植更多的植物。

Animals such as bees help many plants make new plants through pollination (pawl-in-AY-shun). This process starts with a flower. Flowers have a male part called a stamen. It makes a sticky powder called pollen. Flowers also have a female part called a pistil. The top of the pistil is often sticky. Pollination happens when pollen is moved from the stamen to the pistil. Pollination may happen within one flower, in several flowers on the same plant, or in flowers of different plants. But pollination always happens in the same type of plant. Roses pollinate roses and tulips pollinate tulips. Some plants are pollinated when pollen is blown by the wind. Many other plants need animals to move pollen from flower to flower.

像蜜蜂这样的动物通过授粉帮助许多植物长出新植物。 这个过程从一朵花开始。 花有一个雄蕊。 它会产生一种叫做花粉的粘性粉末。 花也有雌蕊。 雌蕊顶部通常是粘性的。 授粉发生在花粉从雄蕊转移到雌蕊的时候。 授粉可能发生在一朵花中，也可能发生在同一植物的几朵花中，也可能发生在不同植物的花中。 但授粉总是发生在同一种植物中。 玫瑰给玫瑰授粉，郁金香给郁金香授粉。 有些植物靠风吹花粉来授粉。 许多其他植物需要动物将花粉从一朵花转移到另一朵花。

Look at Me! Think about a flower garden. It looks like a rainbow. There are red, blue, yellow, purple and white flowers. Why are flowers so colorful? The colors attract animal pollinators. Different animals are attracted to different colors. Many butterflies and birds are attracted to the color red. Bees are attracted to yellow, blue, and white flowers. Which colors attract animals at night? White or pale yellow are easier for animals to see in the dark.

看我!想象一个花园。 它看起来像彩虹。有红色、蓝色、黄色、紫色和白色的花。 为什么花这么丰富多彩? 这些颜色吸引了动物传粉者。 不同的动物被不同的颜色所吸引。 许多蝴蝶和鸟类都被红色所吸引。 蜜蜂喜欢黄色、蓝色和白色的花。 晚上什么颜色能吸引动物? 动物在黑暗中更容易看到白色或淡黄色。

Some flowers have colors that people cannot see. Bees see colors differently than we do. For example, red looks dull to a bee, but other colors look bright. Look at the chart of colors in the rainbow. To the right of visible light. is ultraviolet light. People cannot see ultraviolet light with their eyes, but bees can. Flowers that attract bees sometimes have "hot spots." These are patches of ultraviolet color. Hot spots tell bees that food is nearby.

有些花的颜色是人们看不见的。 蜜蜂看颜色的方式和我们不一样。 例如，对蜜蜂来说，红色看起来很沉闷，但其他颜色看起来很明亮。 看彩虹的颜色表。 在可见光的右边。 就是紫外线。人类的眼睛看不到紫外线，但蜜蜂可以。 吸引蜜蜂的花朵有时会有“热点”。 这些是紫外线色的斑块。 热点告诉蜜蜂附近有食物。

What Is My Shape? Flowers that are shaped like bowls often attract beetles. The beetles need more space to crawl into the flower. Flowers that have wide petals often attract butterflies. Butterflies prefer to land while they drink nectar. The petals act as landing pads for the butterflies. Do You Know? Hummingbirds often sip nectar from narrow, tube-shaped flowers. The flower's shape makes the hummingbird touch the pollen and carry it away.

我的形状是什么?碗状的花经常吸引甲虫。 甲虫需要更大的空间才能爬进花里。 花瓣宽的花常吸引蝴蝶。 蝴蝶喜欢在喝花蜜的时候降落。 这些花瓣就像蝴蝶的着陆垫。 你知道吗?蜂鸟经常从狭窄的管状花朵中啜饮花蜜。 花朵的形状使蜂鸟接触花粉并将其带走。