13 Anemones-Mid

Anemones FOCUS Question What are anemones, and how do they use their body parts to survive?

海葵焦点问题海葵是什么?它们如何利用身体部位生存?

Amazing Anemones A strange, beautiful creature sits on the seafloor. With body parts that look like bright, colorful petals, it looks like a blooming plant. But it's really an animal! Anemones (uh-NEH-muh-neez) are related to corals and jellyfish. They often live attached to rocks or coral reefs. They come in all the colors of the rainbow, They come in many different shapes and sizes too. Wowser There are over 1,000 species of anemones The individuals within each species can have different colors and patterns.

神奇的海葵海底栖息着一种奇怪而美丽的生物。 它的身体部位看起来像鲜艳多彩的花瓣，看起来像一株盛开的植物。 但它真的是一种动物!海葵(uh-NEH-muh-neez)与珊瑚和水母有关。 它们通常生活在岩石或珊瑚礁上。 它们有彩虹中所有的颜色，它们也有许多不同的形状和大小。 世界上有超过1000种海葵，每个物种的个体都有不同的颜色和图案。

Anemones are members of a group of animals without backbones, called invertebrates. Anemones don't have a head, brain, or skeleton either. Their body is shaped like a tube. It has a flattened top with a mouth in the center. The mouth is surrounded by many petallike tentacles. These long structures grab food and bring it to an anemone's mouth. From there, the food moves to the stomach. An anemone sticks the main part of its body to a surface, such as a rock. It uses its single, strong foot to keep its body firmly attached as the water moves all around it.

海葵是一种没有脊椎的动物，被称为无脊椎动物。 海葵也没有头、大脑或骨骼。 它们的身体形状像管子。 它有一个扁平的顶部，中间有一个口。 嘴巴周围有许多花瓣状的触须。 这些长长的结构抓住食物并把它送到海葵的嘴里。 从那里，食物移动到胃。 海葵把身体的主要部分贴在表面，比如岩石上。 当水在它周围流动时，它用它唯一有力的脚将身体牢牢地附着在上面。

Many, Many Anemones Anemones live in oceans all over the world. They make their home in cold water as well as warm, tropical water You can find them on coral reefs, in tide pools, and even in the deep sea. The smallest anemone is as tiny as a pinhead. The giant green anemone, one of the largest anemones in the world, can grow up to 1 meter (3 ft.) across. Pigments in its skin give this anemone its bright green color. It often lives alone Like many anemones, it usually stays in one spot It uses its tentacles to capture prey that swim or float by. Do You Know? Sea anemones are named after anemone flowers. Anemones are sometimes called the "flowers of the sea."

很多很多海葵海葵生活在世界各地的海洋里。 它们既生活在冷水中，也生活在温暖的热带水域。你可以在珊瑚礁、潮池甚至深海中找到它们。 最小的海葵和针头一样小。 巨大的绿色海葵是世界上最大的海葵之一，直径可达1米(3英尺)。 海葵皮肤中的色素赋予了它明亮的绿色。 它经常独自生活，像许多海葵一样，它通常呆在一个地方。它用它的触角捕捉游泳或漂浮的猎物。 你知道吗?海葵是以海葵花命名的。 海葵有时被称为“海洋之花”。

On the Move Many anemones stay in one place for most of their lives. But some can use their muscular foot to slowly creep along. Other anemones can let go of the surface and move by floating away in the water. The apple anemone is also known as the "swimming anemone." When threatened, it lets go of its rock and moves to a safer place. It swims by flexing its body or moving its tentacles. The pom-pom anemone can move by changing its shape from a puffball to a tube. Then it lets the water roll it across the seafloor like a tumbleweed!

许多海葵一生的大部分时间都呆在一个地方。 但有些动物可以用肌肉发达的脚慢慢爬行。 其他海葵可以放开水面，在水中漂浮而去。 苹果海葵也被称为“游泳海葵”。 当受到威胁时，它会放开岩石，转移到更安全的地方。 它通过弯曲身体或移动触须来游泳。 绒球海葵可以通过改变形状从蓬松球到管状来移动。 然后它让海水像风滚草一样把它卷过海底!

Zap! Anemones are amazing predators. They wait patiently for fish or other small animals to pass by, Then... zap! They use their stinging tentacles to catch the prey. The tentacles have many cells with tiny pockets, or capsules. The capsules are filled with venom, a poisonous liquid. When an animal touches a tentacle, a small structure shoots out of each capsule. The structures inject venom and stun the animal. The anemone then uses its tentacles to move the prey into its mouth. HOW ANEMONES STING PREY 1. Inside the cells of the tentacles are capsules called nematocysts (nuh-MA-tuh-sists). Each one is made up of a hollow thread attached to a barb. 2. An animal touches the tentacle The barb and thread shoot out. of each capsule stick into the animal and stun it with venom.

杀死!海葵是神奇的捕食者。 他们耐心地等待鱼或其他小动物经过，然后…… 杀死!它们用带刺的触须捕捉猎物。 触须上有许多带小袋或胶囊的细胞。 胶囊里充满了毒液，一种有毒的液体。 当动物接触触手时，每个囊体中就会冒出一个小结构。 这种结构注入毒液并使动物昏迷。 然后，海葵用它的触须将猎物送入嘴里。 海葵如何刺痛猎物。 在触须的细胞内是被称为刺丝囊(nuh- ma -tuh- sts)的胶囊。 每一个都是由一根空心线连接在倒钩上组成的。 2. 一只动物碰到触须时，倒钩和线就迸出来了。 每粒胶囊的每一粒都刺入动物体内，用毒液使其昏迷。