Unit 1

4000 ESSENTIAL ENGLISH WORDS

4000个基本英语单词

UNIT 1 WORD LIST adverse Something that has an adverse effect can be harmful, dangerous, or unfavorable. I worry that the tornado will have an adverse effect on the farm. alternate An alternate option is a different option. Taking the bus and driving to work are alternate ways to travel. biodegradable Materials that are biodegradable break down naturally into substances that do not harm the environment. I use biodegradable compost to feed my garden. boxed When something is boxed, it is inside a package. Justine brought a boxed gift to the birthday party. choke If you choke on something, it stops you from breathing. The gum Malinda swallowed made her choke. convenient When something is convenient, it saves you time or effort. Walking through the park is a convenient way to exercise on the way to work. discard To discard something is to throw it away. After repairing the window, discard any broken glass. dolphin A dolphin is a large sea mammal that breathes air. Intelligent dolphins have learned to communicate with humans. ecologically Ecologically means that something is done in a way that concerns living organisms and the environment. We planted our garden according to ecologically correct practices. fatal Something that is fatal results in someone's death. Being shot by the attacker proved fatal to the victim.

adverse有负面影响的事物可以是有害的、危险的或不利的。 我担心龙卷风会对农场产生不利影响。 alternate option是另一种选择。 乘公共汽车和开车上班是两种不同的出行方式。 可生物降解的材料可以自然分解成对环境无害的物质。 我用可生物降解的堆肥来喂养我的花园。 当某物被装箱时，它是在一个包裹里。 贾斯汀带了一个盒装礼物来参加生日聚会。 如果你被什么东西噎住了，它会让你停止呼吸。 玛琳达吞下的口香糖使她窒息了。 当某事很方便时，它节省了你的时间或精力。 在上班的路上步行穿过公园是一种方便的锻炼方式。 discard something就是把它扔掉。 修理完窗户后，扔掉所有碎玻璃。 海豚海豚是一种呼吸空气的大型海洋哺乳动物。 聪明的海豚已经学会了与人类交流。 生态学的意思是做某件事的方式与生物体和环境有关。 我们按照正确的生态做法种植花园。 fatal adj .致命的导致某人死亡的东西。 被袭击者开枪打死对受害者来说是致命的。

incidence The number of times something happens is the incidence of the event. We need to increase the incidence of success in school. municipal Municipal means that something belongs to a city or local government. The municipal parking lot downtown can fit one hundred cars. overuse Overuse occurs when something is utilized too many times. Rochelle's overuse of the exercise bike caused the gears to break. pond A pond is a freshwater body that is smaller than a lake. I learned to swim at the pond behind the recreation center. recycle When you recycle an object, you use its parts to make something else. We recycle our newspapers so that they can be made into packing boxes. reusable An object that is reusable can be utilized over and over again. Saburo keeps his empty jelly jars because they are reusable for storing sewing supplies. stuffed When something is stuffed, it is pushed into a small space. The newspapers were all stuffed into the drawer. tragic A tragic event causes sadness because it might involve death or suffering. The entire community attended the memorial service for the victims of the tragic fire. utilize To utilize something is to use it for a specific purpose. The team can utilize the lab equipment to complete the experiment. whale A whale is a very large mammal that lives in the ocean. We were surprised when a whale surfaced next to our boat.

事件发生的次数就是事件的发生率。 我们需要提高学生在学校取得成功的几率。 市级的意思是某物属于城市或地方政府。 市中心的市政停车场可以停放一百辆汽车。 当某物被使用太多次时，就会出现过度使用的情况。 罗谢尔过度使用健身自行车导致齿轮坏了。 池塘是比湖泊小的淡水水体。 我在娱乐中心后面的池塘里学游泳。 当你回收一个物体时，你用它的部分来制造别的东西。 我们回收报纸，以便把它们做成包装盒。 可重复使用的对象可以被反复使用。 三郎一直留着他的空果冻罐，因为它们可以重复使用，用来存放缝纫用品。 当某物被塞进时，它被塞进一个小空间。 报纸都塞进抽屉里了。 悲剧性事件引起悲伤，因为它可能涉及死亡或痛苦。 整个社区都参加了那场悲惨的火灾遇难者的追悼会。 利用某物就是把它用于特定的目的。 小组可以利用实验室设备来完成实验。 鲸是一种生活在海洋中的大型哺乳动物。 当一头鲸鱼在我们的船旁边浮出水面时，我们感到很惊讶。

Environment Over Convenience Plastic shopping bags are utilized almost everywhere. They are lightweight, strong, and inexpensive. Customers like them because they make carrying goods so convenient. Stores of all kinds print advertising messages on the bags and give them to customers. Why then, are so many countries regulating or even banning their use? Unfortunately, because of these very attributes, plastic bags have an adverse effect on the environment. Their low cost leads to their overuse. For example, environmental groups have estimated that in Taiwan, citizens used to discard 16 million plastic bags a day Residents of the state of Massachusetts in the United States used more than two billion plastic bags per year. Since plastic is made from chemicals found in oil, these single-use bags never break down and decay. When they are thrown away, they last forever—along roads, in ponds, and eventually, in the oceans. There is no proven or efficient way to remove plastics once they enter large bodies of water. Some animals that dwell in the sea, such as turtles and dolphins, mistake plastic bags for food. If a bag becomes stuffed down their throats, it can cause fatal suffocation. Thousands of animals choke on the bags every year. Eventually the plastic fragments may break down into smaller pieces, but they can still be ingested by a wide range of sea animals, from oysters to whales. In this way, microplastics enter the human food chain and cause tragic damage to people's health. Beginning around the year 2000, cities, provinces, and entire countries decided to take action against this form of pollution. At first, municipal governments tried to minimize the use of these bags by requiring stores to charge customers for each one. This reduced the incidence of bags entering the waste stream, yet billions of bags were still being thrown out each day. As the costs of trying to clean the environment rose, more places enacted outright bans on the bags. Now, ecologically-conscious people around the world use alternate means of carrying packages. They bring their own reusable bags when they go shopping, pack their purchases in paper bags, recycle the bags in special collection bins, or have their purchases boxed and delivered to their homes in biodegradable packaging.

环境胜过便利塑料购物袋几乎到处都在使用。 它们重量轻、坚固、便宜。 顾客喜欢它们，因为它们使携带货物非常方便。 各种各样的商店在塑料袋上印上广告信息，然后送给顾客。 那么，为什么有这么多国家监管甚至禁止它们的使用呢？ 不幸的是，由于这些特性，塑料袋对环境有不利影响。 它们的低成本导致它们被过度使用。 例如，环保组织估计，在台湾，公民过去每天丢弃1600万个塑料袋，美国马萨诸塞州的居民每年使用超过20亿个塑料袋。 由于塑料是由石油中的化学物质制成的，这些一次性塑料袋永远不会分解和腐烂。 当它们被扔掉时，它们会永远存在——沿着道路，在池塘里，最终，在海洋里。 目前还没有经过验证的有效方法来清除进入大面积水体的塑料。 一些生活在海里的动物，比如海龟和海豚，会把塑料袋当成食物。 如果袋子塞进他们的喉咙，可能会导致致命的窒息。 每年都有成千上万的动物被塑料袋呛死。 最终，塑料碎片可能会分解成更小的碎片，但它们仍然可以被牡蛎和鲸鱼等多种海洋动物摄入。 就这样，微塑料进入了人类的食物链，对人们的健康造成了悲剧性的损害。 从2000年左右开始，城市、省和整个国家都决定采取行动对抗这种形式的污染。 起初，市政府试图通过要求商店向顾客收取每个塑料袋的费用来尽量减少塑料袋的使用。 这减少了塑料袋进入废物流的发生率，但每天仍有数十亿个塑料袋被丢弃。 随着清洁环境成本的上升，越来越多的地方颁布了完全禁止使用塑料袋的禁令。 现在，世界各地有生态意识的人都在使用其他的运输方式。 他们购物时自带可重复使用的袋子，把买到的东西装在纸袋里，把袋子回收到特殊的收集箱里，或者把买到的东西用可生物降解的包装包装起来送到家里。