Unit 7

UNIT 7 WORD LIST assimilate To assimilate is to adopt the ways of a new culture and fully become a part of it. When the family moves to the US they will assimilate into American culture. attempt An attempt is an act of trying to do something, especially something difficult. This is Ben's second attempt to climb Mt. Everest. case A case is an example of a particular situation or of something happening. A deposit of 1,000 is required, but in this case, we will accept half cease To cease is to stop doing something or to stop something happening. The rain will cease in the afternoon. danger Danger is the possibility that someone or something will be harmed, destroyed, or killed, Smoking cigarettes is a danger to health. devastating If something is devastating, it causes great harm or damage to something or someone. The tsunami had devastating effects on the seaside village. diversity Diversity is the quality or state of having many different forms, types, ideas, etc. My company puts an emphasis on the importance on having cultural diversity earthquake An earthquake is a sudden shaking of a part of the Earth's surface that often causes a lot of damage. The earthquake caused the road to crack in multiple places. endangered If something is endangered, it has become very rare and may eventually die out altogethen The whooping crane is an endangered species. extinction Extinction is when a particular animal, plant, type of person, custom, skill, etc. stops existing. The extinction of the dodo bird occurred in the 1600s.

同化就是采用一种新文化的方式，并完全成为这种文化的一部分。 当这个家庭搬到美国后，他们就会被美国文化所同化。 尝试是尝试做某事的行为，尤指困难的事情。 这是本第二次尝试攀登珠穆朗玛峰。 珠穆朗玛峰。case是一个特定情况或发生的事情的例子。 需要1000元的定金，但在这种情况下，我们可以接受一半的停止。 雨将在下午停。 危险是指某人或某物受到伤害、破坏或死亡的可能性。吸烟对健康有害。 如果某事是毁灭性的，它会对某事或某人造成巨大的伤害或损害。 海啸对这个海边村庄造成了毁灭性的影响。 多样性是指具有许多不同的形式、类型、思想等的性质或状态。 我的公司非常强调文化多样性的重要性地震地震是指地球表面某一部分的突然震动，通常会造成很大的破坏。 地震使道路多处出现裂缝。 如果某物是濒危的，它已经变得非常罕见，并可能最终完全灭绝。 灭绝是指特定的动物、植物、人的类型、习俗、技能等。 停止存在。渡渡鸟的灭绝发生在17世纪。

forever We use forever in place of "for all future time"or "for a very long time." Michelle and Tanya want to be best friends forever. generally We use generally in place of in most casesuor "to most people." The suburbs are generally viewed as a good place to raise children. genocide Genocide is the deliberate murder of a whole group or race of people. As a result of the genocide, many children have been orphaned. hit To hit is to affect someone or something in a harmful or dangerous way. The ship was hit by a violent storm. lose To lose is to have something that is important or necessary taken from you or destroyed. The family never thought they'd lose everything to fire native If something is native, it refers to the place someone was born and raised. Carlos is a hero in his native country of Brazil. percent A percent is an amount that is equal to one one-hundredth of something. Liz needs to get 80 percent on her test to pass the course. reason A reason is a statement or fact that explains why something is the way it is, or why someone does, thinks, or says something. The reason Eric is late for work is that he forgot to set his alarm. reference A reference is the act of referring to something or someone. My supervisor made a reference to the data I'd collected. urban If something is urban, it is related to towns and cities. It is common to see tall buildings in urban areas.

我们用forever来代替for all future time或for a very long time。 米歇尔和坦尼娅想永远做最好的朋友。 在大多数情况下，我们用“general”来代替“to most people”。 郊区通常被认为是养育孩子的好地方。 种族灭绝是对整个群体或种族的蓄意谋杀。 由于种族灭绝，许多儿童成了孤儿。 hit是指以有害或危险的方式影响某人或某事。 这艘船遭到猛烈风暴的袭击。 lose是指重要的或必要的东西被拿走或毁坏。 这个家庭从未想过他们会因为fire native而失去一切。如果某物是native，它指的是某人出生和长大的地方。 卡洛斯是他的祖国巴西的英雄。 percent是一个数字，等于某物的百分之一。 莉兹需要考试得80分才能通过这门课。 理由是一个陈述或事实，它解释了为什么某事是这样的，或者为什么某人做某事、思考某事或说某事。 埃里克上班迟到的原因是他忘了设闹钟。 reference参考参考是指提及某事或某人的行为。 我的主管参考了我收集的数据。 urban的意思是和城镇有关。 在城市地区看到高楼大厦是很常见的。

Endangered Languages Most people know about endangered plants and animals. However, not everyone is aware of the extent to which many languages are in danger of extinction. Currently, there are almost 500 languages that are officially endangered. According to statistics, 95 percent of the world's population only speak six percent of the existing 7,000 languages. This means that only six percent speak all the other languages. Some languages have fewer than a dozen speakers. There are several reasons why languages become extinct. A key reason is the influence of the dominant languages. Generally, dominant languages are associated with higher social status and education. People who move to urban areas are forced to learn the dominant language. In most cases, the children do not learn their native language. In addition, many rural communities give up their linguistic heritage in an attempt to assimilate into mainstream culture. for example, India has lost 220 of 780 languages in the last 50 years. Once Hindi was recognized as the official language of India, the number of Hindi speakers increased from 260 million to over 420 million. Another reason languages may cease to exist is that the people who speak an endangered language may be in physical danger, such as from war or genocide. Many languages of the indigenous people in the Americas are either extinct or endangered for this very reason. Natural disasters and disease can also wipe out entire populations. When the people in a village of Papua New Guinea were hit by a devastating earthquake, all were wiped out. The language they spoke, Malol, was wiped out with them. Languages represent cultures and show diversity. Losing a language equates to losing all cultural references expressed through linguistic means. The broader global community suffers because of the diminishing cultural and linguistic diversity. Therefore, efforts need to be made to preserve and revive endangered languages before they disappear forever.

濒危语言大多数人都知道濒危动植物。 然而，并不是每个人都意识到许多语言濒临灭绝的程度。 目前，有近500种语言被官方列为濒危语言。 据统计，世界上95%的人口只说目前7000种语言中的6%。 这意味着只有6%的人会说所有其他语言。 有些语言的使用者少于12人。 语言灭绝有几个原因。 一个关键原因是主流语言的影响。 一般来说，主导语言与较高的社会地位和教育程度有关。 搬到城市地区的人被迫学习当地的主流语言。 在大多数情况下，孩子们不学习他们的母语。 此外，许多农村社区放弃了自己的语言遗产，试图融入主流文化。 例如，在过去的50年里，印度失去了780种语言中的220种。 一旦印地语被承认为印度的官方语言，印地语使用者的数量从2.6亿增加到4.2亿。 语言可能消失的另一个原因是，说濒危语言的人可能处于人身危险之中，比如战争或种族灭绝。 正是由于这个原因，美洲土著人的许多语言要么已经灭绝，要么濒临灭绝。 自然灾害和疾病也可以消灭整个人口。 当巴布亚新几内亚的一个村庄遭受毁灭性的地震袭击时，所有人都被摧毁了。 他们说的语言，马洛尔语，也随着他们一起消失了。 语言代表文化，显示多样性。 失去一门语言，就等于失去了所有通过语言手段表达的文化参照。 由于文化和语言多样性的减少，更广泛的国际社会受到影响。 因此，需要努力保护和复兴濒危语言，以免它们永远消失。