Unit 22

UNIT 22 WORD LIST altar An altar is a table used in churches. The altar had many lit candles on it. arthritis Arthritis is an illness causing pain and swelling in a person's joints. Agatha couldn't play the piano anymore because of her arthritis. botany Botany is the study of plants. Gardens are the best places for botany. credible If something or someone is credible, they can be believed or trusted. Dick gave a credible reason for being late and didn't get in any trouble. deceased If someone is deceased, they are dead. We visited the graves of our deceased grandparents. deception Deception is the act of lying or tricking someone. The magic looked very real, but it was only deception. document A document is a written text, usually not in the form of a book. Please scan this document so we have an electronic copy. dung Dung is solid waste material produced by animals. There was cow dung all over the field. dusk Dusk is the time in the evening when it begins to get dark. After dusk, Hannah went to catch fireflies in the park. gratify To gratify someone means to please them. Bonnie was gratified after receiving her gift from her parents.

祭坛祭坛是教堂里使用的桌子。 祭坛上有许多点燃的蜡烛。 关节炎是一种引起关节疼痛和肿胀的疾病。 阿加莎因为关节炎不能再弹钢琴了。 植物学是对植物的研究。 花园是学植物学的最佳场所。 如果某事或某人是可信的，他们是可以相信或信任的。 迪克给出了一个可信的迟到理由，没有惹上任何麻烦。 如果某人是deceased，表示他们已经死了。 我们给已故的祖父母扫墓。 欺骗是说谎或欺骗某人的行为。 魔法看起来很真实，但其实只是欺骗。 文档是书面文本，通常不是书的形式。 请扫描这份文件，这样我们就有电子版了。 粪是动物产生的固体废物。 田地里到处都是牛粪。 黄昏是指晚上开始变黑的时候。 黄昏后，汉娜去公园捉萤火虫。 使某人满意意味着取悦他们。 邦妮收到父母送给她的礼物后非常高兴。

hone To hone something is to improve it and make it very good. Lisa honed her chess skills through hours and hours of practice. interpret When you interpret something, you find its meaning, often by changing it into a different language. It is difficult to interpret while someone is speaking. motive Your motive is your reason for doing something. We can show he had a motive to commit the crime, but we cannot show he did it. pneumonia Pneumonia is a dangerous illness causing the lungs to fill with liquid. Elaine got pneumonia after playing outside in the rain without a coat. psychic When someone is psychic, they know what will happen or what people think. I think my grandmother has psychic abilities because she can predict anything. psychotic If someone is psychotic, they have a very serious mental illness. The psychotic patient believed he saw things that weren't real. scope The scope of something is how many people or things it relates to. Modern history has a wide scope. sinister If something or someone is sinister, they are evil. Bad guys in most movies have sinister laughs. strife Strife is disagreement or fighting between people or groups. There was a lot of strife between Jim and Lisa about what TV show to watch. text Text is language used in communicating messages. Spoken text has many features which are different from written text.

磨练某事就是改进它，使它变得非常好。 丽莎通过一小时又一小时的练习磨练了她的国际象棋技巧。 当你解释某事时，你发现它的意思，通常是通过把它翻译成另一种语言。 有人说话时很难翻译。 你的动机是你做某事的原因。 我们可以证明他有犯罪的动机，但我们不能证明是他干的。 肺炎是一种导致肺部积液的危险疾病。 伊莱恩没穿外套在外面雨中玩耍后得了肺炎。 通灵的人会通灵，他们知道会发生什么或者人们会怎么想。 我觉得我奶奶有通灵能力，因为她能预测任何事情。 如果某人是精神病患者，他们有非常严重的精神疾病。 精神病患者相信他看到了不真实的东西。 某事物的范围是指它与多少人或事物有关。 近代史涉及面很广。 阴险的如果某事或某人是阴险的，他们是邪恶的。 大多数电影中的坏人都有邪恶的笑声。 纷争是指人们或团体之间的分歧或争斗。 吉姆和丽莎在看什么电视节目的问题上发生了很多争执。 文本是用来传递信息的语言。 口语文本有许多不同于书面文本的特点。

Greek Magical Papyri The Greek Magical Papyri is a collection of writing about magic. After it was found in the Egyptian desert, it took experts years to interpret it. The text was written in at least three different ancient languages. After many years, experts realized the document contained a number of spells that varied greatly in scope. The most common types of magic in the collection dealt with healing illnesses like pneumonia. Some spells also gave advice for treating people with mental illnesses, such as those who became psychotic. Some spells utilised unusual things, like crocodile dung. But botany was an important part of the magic. Many healing spells gave instructions on how to use herbs and plants that were believed to be helpful. For example, in order to cure arthritis, the book says that the magician should build a beautiful altar. Then he should crush different types of herbs and place them on top of it. At dusk, he is supposed to say a spell so the gods would be gratified. Other parts of the collection describe how to hone one's psychic abilities and how to give credible descriptions of the future. Often, the book advised people how to use different objects to tell the future, including tea leaves. Also, one part of the book tells what different dreams might mean. It gives advice for using dreams to tell the future. A small part of the book, however, has more sinister motives than the rest. It is meant to cause strife and deception. For example, one tells how to give someone warts, while another will make all of the victim's farm animals die. However, if someone's farm animals died as a result of a curse, he could ask a magician to perform magic that makes the deceased recover and come back to life.

《希腊魔法纸莎草》是一本关于魔法的文集。 它在埃及沙漠中被发现后，专家们花了数年时间来解读它。 这本书至少是用三种不同的古代语言写成的。 多年后，专家们意识到这份文件中包含了许多范围大不相同的咒语。 收藏中最常见的魔法类型与治愈疾病有关，比如肺炎。 一些符咒还为治疗患有精神疾病的人提供建议，比如那些精神病患者。 有些咒语使用了不寻常的东西，比如鳄鱼粪。 但植物学是魔法的重要组成部分。 许多治疗咒语都给出了如何使用草药和植物的说明，这些草药和植物被认为是有帮助的。 例如，为了治疗关节炎，书中说魔术师应该建造一个美丽的祭坛。 然后他应该碾碎不同种类的草药，把它们放在上面。 黄昏时，他应该念一个咒语，这样众神就会满意。 这本书的其他部分描述了如何磨练自己的通灵能力，以及如何对未来做出可信的描述。 这本书经常建议人们如何使用不同的物体来预测未来，包括茶叶。 此外，书中有一部分讲述了不同的梦可能意味着什么。 它给出了用梦预测未来的建议。 然而，书中有一小部分比其他部分有着更险恶的动机。 这是为了引起冲突和欺骗。 例如，一个告诉如何让某人长疣，而另一个会让受害者的所有农场动物死亡。 然而，如果某人的农场动物因诅咒而死亡，他可以要求魔术师表演魔法，使死者恢复并复活。