Unit 14

UNIT 14 WORD LIST addict An addict is a person who cannot stop doing something. She was a coffee addict. She had more than three cups each day. archaeological When something is archaeological, it relates to archaeology. They found archeological evidence of an ancient species of man. archeology Archeology is the study of ancient people through their artifacts. He studied archeology to learn more about ancient Egyptian culture. brainstorm To brainstorm is to have a lot of ideas about a certain topic. The students met after school to brainstorm ideas for their assignments. budget A budget is the amount of money available to spend on something. His budget for food was very tight. chaotic When something is chaotic it is crazy, confused, and hectic. The first day of school can be chaotic for a new student. cite To cite something is to mention it as an example or as proof of something. She cited six reasons that the school needed to build new classrooms. correspond To correspond is to match or to be similar to something. The boy's story didn't correspond with his mother's version. courtyard A courtyard is an outdoor area that is surrounded by the walls of a building. During the summer, the courtyard is a nice place to have lunch. estate An estate is a large area of land owned by a family or organization. He lived on his father's estate in the country.

上瘾的人就是无法停止做某事的人。 她对咖啡上瘾。她每天喝三杯以上的咖啡。 当某事是考古的，它与考古学有关。 他们发现了一种古人类的考古证据。 考古学是通过古代人的手工艺品来研究他们的。 他学习考古学是为了更多地了解古埃及文化。 头脑风暴是指对某个话题有很多想法。 学生们放学后聚在一起为他们的作业集思广益。 预算是指可以花在某事上的钱。 他的食物预算很紧。 当某事是chaotic时，它是疯狂的、混乱的和忙乱的。 对于一个新生来说，开学的第一天可能会很混乱。 引用某事就是把它作为一个例子或证明。 她列举了学校需要修建新教室的六个理由。 对应的意思是与某物相匹配或相似。 男孩的说法与他母亲的说法不一致。 庭院是一个被建筑物墙壁包围的室外区域。 在夏天，院子是一个吃午饭的好地方。 estate地产地产是指一个家庭或组织拥有的大片土地。 他住在他父亲在乡下的庄园里。

fraud Fraud is the crime of gaining money by lying or by tricking people. Experts say that credit card fraud increases around the holidays. hydrogen Hydrogen is a gas that has no taste, color, or smell. Airships used to be filled with hydrogen, but it exploded easily. integrity Integrity is honesty and good morals. The principal had a lot of integrity. outlook An outlook is a person's opinion or way of thinking about something. He changed his outlook about rats after he read a book about them. parachute A parachute is a device that helps people and things fall to the ground safely. They used parachutes dropped from airplanes to send supplies to the civilians. prehistoric When something is prehistoric, it is from a time before written history. The scientists found prehistoric pots used by the people in the area. proponent A proponent is a person who supports an idea or a plan. He was a proponent of using environmentally-friendly products. refine To refine something is to make it better by making changes. The principal refined his method of controlling students over the years. restrict To restrict something is to limit it and prevent it from getting bigger. The club restricted the amount of members. team A team is a group of people who work closely together. The all Blacks are my favorite sports team.

欺诈是通过撒谎或欺骗他人来获取金钱的犯罪行为。 专家表示，信用卡诈骗在节日前后会增加。 氢气是一种没有味道、颜色和气味的气体。 飞艇过去是充满氢气的，但它很容易爆炸。 诚信是诚实和良好的道德。 校长很正直。 outlook是指一个人对某事的看法或思考方式。 读了一本关于老鼠的书后，他改变了对老鼠的看法。 降落伞降落伞是一种帮助人和物安全降落到地面的装置。 他们用飞机上的降落伞向平民运送物资。 当某物是史前的，它来自于有文字记载的历史之前的时代。 科学家们在该地区发现了人们使用过的史前陶器。 提倡者是指支持某个想法或计划的人。 他是使用环保产品的支持者。 精炼某物就是通过改变使它变得更好。 校长多年来不断改进他管理学生的方法。 restrict限制某事就是限制它，防止它变大。 俱乐部限制了会员的数量。 团队是一群紧密合作的人。 全黑队是我最喜欢的运动队。

The History of Parachutes Scientists who study archaeology say that there may be some evidence of prehistoric parachutes. But the first written history of the device comes from China about 2,100 years ago. Scientists cite an ancient book that describes parachutes. However, there is no archeological evidence that proves that an actual parachute was ever made. Later, people from northern Africa and Italy also had ideas about a similar invention. In fact, a Leonardo da Vinci's drawing corresponds closely with the modern parachute design! In 1783, French scientist Sebastian Lenormand invented the first modern parachute. Lenormand brainstormed with a team of other scientists to come up with a way to help people jump safely out of burning buildings. He thought the solution was to give people an object to restrict their speed while they fell toward the ground. Many people thought that he was up to some kind of fraud, but Lenormand had a lot of integrity. His budget was limited, so he first tested his theory by using two umbrellas. He jumped out of a tree and found that the umbrellas worked. Next, he refined his invention. Rather than using umbrellas, he made a large parachute. Finally, he jumped off a tall building on a French estate and landed safely in the courtyard. Lenormand's work gave another man an idea. Jean-Pierre Blanchard had a different outlook than Lenormand. He was a hot air balloon addict. He was one of the first people to ride in a hot air balloon powered by hydrogen gas. He was a proponent of using the parachutes to exit from hot air balloons. Starting in 1785, he used his dog to show that animals could land safely from hot air balloons by using parachutes. Then, in 1793, he was faced with a chaotic experience. The hot-air balloon he was riding in burst and started to fall. He was forced to use a parachute himself. And much to his relief, it saved his life!

研究考古学的科学家说，可能有一些史前降落伞的证据。 但是关于这种装置的第一个文字记录来自大约2100年前的中国。 科学家们引用了一本描述降落伞的古书。 然而，没有考古证据证明曾经制造过一个真正的降落伞。 后来，来自北非和意大利的人们也有了类似发明的想法。 事实上，列奥纳多·达·芬奇的一幅画与现代降落伞的设计非常吻合！1783年，法国科学家塞巴斯蒂安·勒诺曼发明了第一个现代降落伞。 Lenormand和一组其他科学家进行了头脑风暴，想出了一种帮助人们安全跳出燃烧的建筑物的方法。 他认为解决办法是给人们一个物体来限制他们向地面坠落的速度。 许多人认为他在搞某种诈骗，但雷诺蒙德很正直。 他的预算有限，所以他首先用两把雨伞来测试他的理论。 他从树上跳下来，发现伞起作用了。 接着，他改进了他的发明。 他没有使用伞，而是做了一个大降落伞。 最后，他从一座法国庄园的高楼上跳下，安全降落在院子里。 雷诺蒙德的工作给了另一个人一个灵感。 让-皮埃尔·布兰查德的观点与雷诺芒不同。 他是个热气球迷。 他是最早乘坐以氢气为动力的热气球的人之一。 他是使用降落伞从热气球上出来的支持者。 从1785年开始，他用他的狗向人们展示了动物可以使用降落伞从热气球上安全着陆。 然后，在1793年，他面临着混乱的经历。 他乘坐的热气球爆炸了，开始下落。 他被迫自己使用降落伞。 令他欣慰的是，它救了他的命！